12th Class Computer Chapter 8 Introduction to Database Short Questions Answer

12th Class Computer Chapter 8 Introduction to Database Short Questions Answer

[toggle title=”Write same examples in which database system is used?” state=”close”]
Most of us encounter several activities that involve some interaction with a database. For example if we go to the bank to deposit or withdraw money, if we make a hotel or airline reservation or if we access a computerized library catalogue to search for a book.[/toggle]
[toggle title=”What is data redundancy? ” state=”close”]
Duplication of data in many different files is known as data redundancy. For example details of a salesperson’s name address and pay rate might be held on a payroll file for calculating the payroll.[/toggle]
[toggle title=”Explain the data inconsistency? ” state=”close”]
Having different values for the same data items in different files is known as data inconsistency. The payroll department i.e. may change the commissions rates paid to sales staff but the sales Department file may fail to update its files and so be producing reports calculated with out-of-date figures. [/toggle]
[toggle title=”Describe lack of flexibility in the database? ” state=”close”]
In such a system when information of a non-routine nature is needed, it can take weeks to assemble the data from the various files and writes new programs to produce the required reports. [/toggle]
[toggle title=”Why was the concept of a database introduced? ” state=”close”]
In order to solve the problems of traditional file approach the concept of a database was introduced.[/toggle]
[toggle title=”What is a database? ” state=”close”]
A database is a collection of related data.[/toggle]
[toggle title=”How can solve the problem of redundancy and inconsistency? ” state=”close”]
All the data belonging to the entire organization is centralized in a common pool of data, accessible by all applications. This solved the problem of redundancy and inconsistency.[/toggle]
[toggle title=”Write any two characteristics of a database?” state=”close”]
1. A database can be of any size and complexity.
2. A database may be generated and maintained manually or it may be computerized.[/toggle]
[toggle title=”Define a DBA?” state=”close”]
DBA stands for Database Administrator. It defines as a person for supervising both the database and the use of DBMS.[/toggle]
[toggle title=”Define database administration? ” state=”close”]
A group responsible for supervising both the database and the use of DBMS.[/toggle]
[toggle title=”Define database management system. ” state=”close”]
A database management system (DBMS) is a collection of programs that enables users to create and maintain a database.[/toggle]
[toggle title=”Which type of process is constructing a database? ” state=”close”]
The DBMS is a general-purpose software system that facilitates the process of defining, constructing and manipulating databases for various applications.[/toggle]
[toggle title=”Which type of process is constructing a database? ” state=”close”]
Constructing a database is the process of storing the data itself on same storage medium that is controlled by the DBMS.[/toggle]
[toggle title=”Which functions are included in manipulating a database? ” state=”close”]
Manipulating a database includes such functions as querying the database to retrieve specific data, updating the database to reflect changes and generating reports from the data.[/toggle]
[toggle title=”What does provide an effective DBMS? ” state=”close”]
An effective DBMS provides users with timely, accurate and relevant information is stored in computer files, which need to be suitably organized and properly maintained to that users can easily access the information they need. [/toggle]
[toggle title=”What is a bit? ” state=”close”]
All data is stored in a computer’s memory or storage devices in the form of binary digits orbits. A bit can be either ‘ON’ or ‘OFF’ representing 1 or 0.[/toggle]
[toggle title=”What do you know about bytes? ” state=”close”]
Bits are grouped together, with a group of eight bits forming a byte. One byte can represent one character or in different content, other data such as sound, part of a picture etc.[/toggle]
[toggle title=”What is ASCII? ” state=”close”]
ASCII is the abbreviation of American Standard code for Information Interchange. Using 8 bits to make it is possible to represent 256(28) different characters.[/toggle]
[toggle title=”Describe a Field? ” state=”close”]
Characters are grouped together to for fields. Data held about a person, for example, may be split into many fields including ID Number, Surname, Initials, Title, Street, Village, Town, Date of Birth and so on.[/toggle]
[toggle title=”What do you know about a Record? ” state=”close”]
All the information about one person or item is held in a record when records are stored in a table rows represent records and columns represent fields.[/toggle]