10th Class Chemistry Chapter 7 Water Short Question Answer
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10th Class Chemistry Chapter 7 Water Short Question Answer
1: Carbon dioxide and ammonia are recovered and reused
2: Sodium carbonate of very high purity is obtained
The molten matte is shifted from converter to sand molds and is allowed to cool. The dissolved gasses escape out forming blister on the surface of the sold copper. It is called blister copper. It is 98% pure copper.
The raw material are
1: Brine (NaCl)
2: Limestone (CaCO₃)
3: Ammonia gas (NH₃)
Copper glance Cu₂S
Chalcopyrite CuFeS₂
The earthly and other impurities associated with minerals are called gangue.
In the process of refining of metal the impurities like gold and silver settle down at the bottom of electrolyte tank called anode mud.
1: Ammonia (NH₃)
2: Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
Froth flotation is based on the wetting characteristics of the ore and gangue particles with oil and water respectively.
Imperial chemical industries.
Principle of solvay’s process lies in low solubility of sodium bicarbonate at low temperature i-e 15℃When CO₂ is passed through an ammoniac solution of NaCl called brine only NaHCO₃ precipitate.
It is further heating of roasted ore with sand flux and coke in the presence of excess of air.
Ans: It is used in ships and industries to heat boilers and furnaces.
1: Petroleum gas
2: Petroleum ether
3: Gasoline
4: Kerosene oil
5: Diesel oil
6: Fuel oil
Used as domestic fuel, a special grade of it is used as jet fuel.
Ammonia is prepared by the Haber’s process. One volume of nitrogen (from air) and three volumes of hydrogen (obtained by passing methane and steam over heated nickel) is passed over iron catalyst at 450℃ and 200 atm pressure.
When ammonium carbonate is evaporated with the help of steam. It dehydrates to form urea.
Lubricants
Asphalt
Paraffin wax
Petroleum coke
Ammonia is recovered in this tower from ammonium chloride solution produced in the carbonated tower and calcium hydroxide formed in lime kiln.
Petroleum means rock oil. It is a complex mixture of several gaseous, liquid and solid hydrocarbons having water, salts and earth particles with it.
Technology is considered a consequences of science and engineering. Common chemicals such as acids alkalies, salts, soaps, detergents etc. are being produced on commercial scale by chemists or chemical engineers since centuries. Technology began to influence human efforts to produce common chemicals since people began using different tools and machineries. Now it is because of use of technology that needs of people are being fulfilled. Use of technology has increased the production with improved quality of products.
Refining process is the separation of crude oil mixture into various useful fractions.
The process of removal of gangue from the ore is technically known as concentration and the purified ore is called the concentrate. Concentration of the crushed ore is carried out by the following methods
1: Gravity separation
2: Froth flotation process
3: Electromagnetic separation
Fertilizers are used to make up the deficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus, etc., of the soil because of intensive cultivation of crops in the recent years.
Used as laboratory solvent and for dry cleaning purpose.
The principle of fractional distillation is based upon a separation of substances depending upon the boiling point.
Lime is used to separate the gangue in the form of slag.
Analytical chemists work in almost all fields of industry. They identify the materials, measures their quantities and control the quality of the products. They evaluate the efficiency and devise techniques to enhance the production.
Petroleum is extracted by drilling holes into earth’s crust where the oil is formed.
Slag mixture of metals silicate and phosphates while cuprous while cuprous sulphide and ferrous sulphide form a mixture (Cu2S.FeS) .This molten mixture is called matte.
It consists of 46.6% nitrogen.
