9th English: Unit 8: The Impact of Globalisation on Culture and Economy Online Test, Short Questions Notes

Malik TahirLast Updated: October 2, 2026

This preparation material covers the important concepts, MCQs, short questions, vocabulary, spellings, grammar, comprehension and expected examination questions related to Unit 8.

Important note: Some questions below are based on the central ideas of the lesson and common Punjab Board preparation notes. The exact wording and exercise pattern may differ according to your Punjab Textbook Board edition and your school’s annual-examination syllabus. Always revise the questions and exercises printed in your own textbook first. Also check your latest board pairing scheme because the inclusion of a unit can change from year to year.

Summary of this lesson

Globalisation is the process through which countries, people, cultures, businesses, and economies become increasingly connected and interdependent. It has both positive and negative effects.

It helps countries through:

  • International trade
  • Foreign investment
  • Employment opportunities
  • Transfer of technology
  • Better communication
  • Access to international markets
  • Educational and cultural exchange
  • Cooperation among nations

However, globalisation may also create problems such as:

  • Cultural erosion
  • Loss of local languages and traditions
  • Cultural homogenisation
  • Unfair competition for local businesses
  • Economic dependence
  • Consumerism
  • Inequality between rich and poor countries

The best approach is to benefit from modern knowledge, technology, trade, and communication while preserving national identity, local culture, indigenous traditions, and values.

9th English: Unit 8: The Impact of Globalisation on Culture and Economy Online Test, Short Questions Notes

1. Cultural diversity means:

2. The correct spelling is:

3. “Indigenous” means:

4. The opposite of “local” is:

5. The word “economy” is related to:

6. Cultural exchange allows people to learn about:

7. A country can benefit from globalisation by increasing its:

8. The correct spelling is:

9. The synonym of “accessible” is:

10. One important economic benefit of globalisation is:

11. Which of the following is a possible disadvantage?

12. Which of the following is an economic benefit?

13. Globalisation can improve education through:

14. Cultural homogenisation means:

15. The correct spelling is:

16. The word “global” means:

17. Pakistan can benefit from globalisation by:

18. Globalisation affects culture and:

19. Globalisation means increasing worldwide:

20. The word “erosion” means:

21. Cultural identity is based on a nation’s:

22. Globalisation can promote cultural:

23. A possible negative effect of globalisation on local culture is:

24. Technology promotes globalisation through fast:

25. International companies usually operate in:

26. Globalisation provides access to:

27. Local traditions can be protected by:

28. Globalisation increases the:

29. Sustainable development means development that:

30. The correct spelling is:

31. The synonym of “impact” is:

32. Globalisation may create competition for:

33. The synonym of “diversity” is:

34. Which of the following is a cultural benefit of globalisation?

35. The internet has made communication:

36. Local languages may be threatened by:

37. Goods brought into a country from another country are called:

38. Globalisation brings countries closer through:

39. Cultural erosion means:

40. The synonym of “facilitate” is:

41. A balanced approach to globalisation means:

42. The correct spelling is:

43. The word “preserve” means:

44. Foreign investment means investment made by:

45. Goods sold to another country are called:

46. Small local businesses may suffer because of:

47. The opposite of “increase” is:

48. The correct spelling is:

49. The correct spelling is:

50. The exchange of goods and services between countries is called:

51. Technology transfer means the transfer of:

52. The correct spelling is:

53. The correct spelling is:

54. The synonym of “interdependence” is:

55. The correct spelling is:


 

Important Short Questions and Answers

What is globalisation?
Globalisation is the process through which countries, people, economies, and cultures become increasingly connected and interdependent.
What are the main areas affected by globalisation?
Globalisation mainly affects the economy, culture, education, technology, communication, employment, and international trade.
How does globalisation affect the economy?
It increases international trade, foreign investment, employment opportunities, technology transfer, and access to international markets.
What is international trade?
International trade is the buying and selling of goods and services between different countries.
What are exports?
Exports are goods and services that are produced in one country and sold to another country.
What are imports?
Imports are goods and services brought into a country from another country.
What is foreign investment?
Foreign investment is money invested in a country by foreign individuals, companies, or organisations.
What is technology transfer?
Technology transfer is the movement of modern knowledge, skills, machines, and techniques from one country or organisation to another.
How does globalisation create employment?
Foreign companies establish businesses and industries in different countries. These businesses create jobs and provide employment to local people.
How does globalisation improve communication?
Modern technology, especially the internet, mobile phones, television, and social media, allows people to communicate quickly across national borders.
How does globalisation benefit education?
It provides access to online courses, digital libraries, international research, foreign universities, and educational information from around the world.
What is cultural diversity?
Cultural diversity is the existence of different languages, traditions, customs, beliefs, arts, and ways of life in the world.
What is cultural identity?
Cultural identity is the sense of belonging that people have because of their language, traditions, history, religion, customs, and values.
What is cultural exchange?
Cultural exchange is the sharing of ideas, traditions, art, food, language, and customs among people from different cultures.
What is cultural erosion?
Cultural erosion is the gradual weakening or disappearance of local languages, traditions, customs, values, and ways of life.
What is cultural homogenisation?
Cultural homogenisation is the process through which different cultures become increasingly similar because of common global products, lifestyles, media, and ideas.
How can globalisation affect local languages?
The strong influence of international languages and media may reduce the use of local languages, especially among young people.
How can globalisation affect local traditions?
Globalisation may introduce new lifestyles and values. If people stop practising their own customs, local traditions may become weak or disappear.
What is one positive cultural effect of globalisation?
It encourages people to learn about other cultures and promotes tolerance, understanding, and cultural exchange.
What is one negative cultural effect of globalisation?
It may weaken local cultures, languages, traditions, and values through cultural homogenisation.
What problems can globalisation create for local industries?
Large international companies may offer cheaper or more attractive products. As a result, small local businesses may face serious competition.
What is economic inequality?
Economic inequality is the unequal distribution of wealth, income, opportunities, and resources among people or countries.
How can Pakistan benefit from globalisation?
Pakistan can benefit by increasing exports, improving education and technology, attracting foreign investment, developing industries, and creating employment opportunities.
How can Pakistan protect its local industries?
Pakistan can support small businesses, improve the quality of local products, provide technical training, offer financial assistance, and promote “Made in Pakistan” products.
How can cultural identity be preserved?
Cultural identity can be preserved by promoting local languages, teaching national history, supporting traditional arts, celebrating cultural festivals, and passing values from one generation to another.
Should a country reject globalisation?
No. A country should not reject globalisation completely. It should benefit from modern technology, education, trade, and communication while protecting its culture and economy.
What is a balanced approach to globalisation?
A balanced approach means accepting useful foreign ideas and modern developments while preserving local culture, national identity, indigenous traditions, and local industries.
What is sustainable development?
Sustainable development is development that fulfils the needs of the present without damaging the environment or reducing the ability of future generations to fulfil their needs.
What role does technology play in globalisation?
Technology makes communication, trade, education, transport, banking, and the exchange of information faster and easier.
Why is it important to preserve indigenous culture?
Indigenous culture gives people their identity and connects them with their history, language, traditions, and national heritage.

Vocabulary

Word Meaning in English Urdu Meaning
Globalisation Worldwide connection عالمگیریت
Impact Effect or influence اثر
Culture Way of life of a group ثقافت
Economy System of production, trade, and wealth معیشت
Global Related to the whole world عالمی
Connection Link or relationship تعلق / رابطہ
Interdependence Mutual dependence باہمی انحصار
International Related to many countries بین الاقوامی
Trade Buying and selling تجارت
Investment Money put into a business سرمایہ کاری
Foreign Belonging to another country غیر ملکی
Market Place or system for buying and selling منڈی / بازار
Export Goods sold to another country برآمد
Import Goods brought from another country درآمد
Employment Work or job روزگار
Opportunity A favourable chance موقع
Technology Scientific knowledge and machines ٹیکنالوجی
Communication Exchange of information رابطہ
Transfer Movement from one place to another منتقلی
Education Process of learning تعلیم
Diversity Variety تنوع
Indigenous Native or local مقامی / دیسی
Identity Sense of who a person or group is شناخت
Tradition Custom passed from generation to generation روایت
Heritage Cultural history inherited from ancestors ثقافتی ورثہ
Erosion Gradual weakening or destruction زوال / کمزوری
Homogenisation Becoming similar یکسانیت
Accessible Easy to reach or use قابلِ رسائی
Facilitate To make easy آسان بنانا
Preserve To protect or maintain محفوظ رکھنا
Promote To encourage or support فروغ دینا
Sustainable Able to continue for a long time پائیدار
Competition Rivalry between people or businesses مقابلہ
Consumerism Excessive focus on buying goods صارفیت
Cooperation Working together تعاون
Development Growth or improvement ترقی
Industry Economic activity of producing goods صنعت
Local Related to a particular area مقامی
Modernisation Adoption of modern methods جدید کاری
Influence Power to affect someone or something اثر و رسوخ
Similarity State of being alike مماثلت
Isolation Separation from others تنہائی / علیحدگی

Synonyms and Antonyms

Word Synonym Antonym
Impact Effect Cause
Global Worldwide Local
Increase Rise Decrease
Benefit Advantage Disadvantage
Foreign Overseas Native
Indigenous Local Foreign
Diversity Variety Uniformity
Preserve Protect Destroy
Facilitate Assist Hinder
Accessible Available Inaccessible
Modern Contemporary Ancient
Strong Powerful Weak
Similar Alike Different
Cooperation Collaboration Conflict
Development Progress Decline
Accept Receive Reject
Expand Enlarge Contract
Important Significant Unimportant
Gradual Slow Sudden
Promote Encourage Discourage

Words Often Confused

1. Affect / Effect

  • Affect is usually used as a verb: Globalisation affects culture.
  • Effect is usually used as a noun: Globalisation has a strong effect on culture.

2. Economic / Economical

  • Economic: related to the economy
    • Pakistan faces many economic challenges.
  • Economical: inexpensive or not wasteful
    • This machine is economical to use.

3. Culture / Cultured

  • Culture: the way of life of a group
  • Cultured: educated and refined
    • Every nation has its own culture.
    • He is a well-cultured person.

4. Principal / Principle

  • Principal: head of a school or main
  • Principle: a rule or moral belief
    • The principal addressed the students.
    • Honesty is an important principle.

5. Practice / Practise

  • Practice: noun
    • Regular practice improves English.
  • Practise: verb in British English
    • Students should practise grammar daily.

Correct Spellings

Write the correct spellings.

Incorrect Correct
Globalizasion Globalisation
Globelisation Globalisation
Oppurtunity Opportunity
Oportunity Opportunity
Sustanable Sustainable
Sustainible Sustainable
Indiginous Indigenous
Indegenous Indigenous
Interdependance Interdependence
Interdependince Interdependence
Comunication Communication
Communicasion Communication
Technolagy Technology
Tecnology Technology
Diversety Diversity
Deversity Diversity
Economi Economy
Econemy Economy
Culturel Cultural
Tradision Tradition
Investmant Investment
Employmant Employment
Developmant Development
Presarve Preserve
Competetion Competition

Important spelling list

Globalisation, culture, economy, communication, technology, opportunity, investment, employment, international, indigenous, diversity, interdependence, accessible, sustainable, competition, development, preservation, homogenisation, tradition, heritage.

Grammar Preparation

A. First Conditional

The first conditional is used for a real or possible situation in the future.

Structure

If + present simple, will + base verb

Examples

  1. If Pakistan increases its exports, its economy will improve.
  2. If local industries receive support, they will create more jobs.
  3. If we preserve our traditions, our culture will remain strong.
  4. If students use the internet wisely, they will gain useful knowledge.

The order can be changed:

  • If we protect local industries, they will survive.
  • Local industries will survive if we protect them.

Do not generally use will after “if” in the first conditional.

Incorrect: If Pakistan will improve its exports, the economy will grow.
Correct: If Pakistan improves its exports, the economy will grow.

Second Conditional

The second conditional is used for an unreal, imaginary, or unlikely situation.

Structure

If + past simple, would + base verb

Examples

  1. If I were the education minister, I would improve online education.
  2. If local businesses had more support, they would compete successfully.
  3. If people ignored their culture, they would lose their identity.
  4. If Pakistan attracted more investment, it would create more employment.

Important point

With I/he/she/it, use were in formal conditional sentences:

  • If I were the policymaker, I would protect local culture.
  • If she were the minister, she would support local industries.

Change into the Passive Voice

Active: Globalisation affects local cultures.

Passive: Local cultures are affected by globalisation.

Active: Foreign companies create employment opportunities.

Passive: Employment opportunities are created by foreign companies.

Active: Technology connects people around the world.

Passive: People around the world are connected by technology.

Active: Pakistan exports textile products.

Passive: Textile products are exported by Pakistan.

Active: Globalisation has changed traditional lifestyles.

Passive: Traditional lifestyles have been changed by globalisation.

Active: The government should protect local industries.

Passive: Local industries should be protected by the government.

Active: People use the internet for communication.

Passive: The internet is used by people for communication.

Active: International trade provides new opportunities.

Passive: New opportunities are provided by international trade.

Articles: A, An, The

Use “a”

Before a singular countable noun beginning with a consonant sound:

  • a country
  • a culture
  • a market
  • a foreign company

Use “an”

Before a singular countable noun beginning with a vowel sound:

  • an opportunity
  • an economy
  • an international company
  • an important issue

Use “the”

For a particular or already-mentioned noun:

  • Pakistan is an important country in the region.
  • The internet has changed communication.
  • The economy of a country depends on many factors.

Fill in the blanks

  1. Globalisation is ___ important process.
    Answer: an
  2. Pakistan is ___ developing country.
    Answer: a
  3. ___ internet facilitates communication.
    Answer: The
  4. Foreign investment creates ___ opportunity for development.
    Answer: an
  5. Cultural identity is ___ important part of national life.
    Answer: an

Prepositions

Use the correct preposition.

  1. Globalisation has an impact on culture.
  2. Countries depend on one another.
  3. Pakistan trades with many countries.
  4. Goods are exported to foreign markets.
  5. Foreign companies invest in developing countries.
  6. People communicate through the internet.
  7. We should be proud of our culture.
  8. Local industries compete with international companies.
  9. Education is important for national development.
  10. Technology is useful in modern life.

Subject–Verb Agreement

Choose the correct verb.

  1. Globalisation affects/affect many countries.
    Answer: affects
  2. Foreign companies creates/create employment.
    Answer: create
  3. Technology helps/help people communicate.
    Answer: helps
  4. Local industries needs/need support.
    Answer: need
  5. Cultural diversity is/are important.
    Answer: is
  6. Exports increase/increases national income.
    Answer: increase
  7. The economy depends/depend on trade.
    Answer: depends
  8. Traditions preserve/preserves cultural identity.
    Answer: preserve

Word Formation

Noun Adjective Verb
Globalisation Global Globalise
Communication Communicative Communicate
Development Developed/Developing Develop
Investment Invested Invest
Employment Employable Employ
Diversity Diverse Diversify
Protection Protective Protect
Preservation Preserved Preserve
Competition Competitive Compete
Education Educational Educate

Complete the sentences

  1. The world is becoming more global.
  2. Modern technology improves communication.
  3. Pakistan needs economic development.
  4. Foreign investment can create jobs.
  5. We should preserve our cultural heritage.
  6. Local products must be competitive.
  7. Cultural diversity should be respected.
  8. The government should protect local industries.

Fill in the Blanks

  1. Globalisation increases the __________ of countries.
    Answer: interdependence
  2. Goods sold to another country are called __________.
    Answer: exports
  3. Goods brought from another country are called __________.
    Answer: imports
  4. __________ means native or local.
    Answer: Indigenous
  5. Cultural __________ means variety among cultures.
    Answer: diversity
  6. Globalisation may cause cultural __________.
    Answer: erosion
  7. Modern technology has made __________ faster.
    Answer: communication
  8. Foreign investment can create __________ opportunities.
    Answer: employment
  9. We should preserve our cultural __________.
    Answer: identity
  10. Development that protects the future is called __________ development.
    Answer: sustainable
  11. Globalisation provides access to international __________.
    Answer: markets
  12. Cultural homogenisation makes cultures more __________.
    Answer: similar

True or False

  1. Globalisation connects countries with one another.
    True
  2. Globalisation affects only the weather.
    False
  3. Exports are goods sold to foreign countries.
    True
  4. Imports are goods sold to other countries.
    False
  5. Technology promotes globalisation.
    True
  6. Cultural diversity means the variety of cultures.
    True
  7. Indigenous means foreign.
    False
  8. Globalisation may weaken local traditions.
    True
  9. Cultural exchange can promote understanding among people.
    True
  10. A country must reject all modern technology to preserve its culture.
    False
  11. Foreign investment can create employment.
    True
  12. Sustainable development harms future generations.
    False

Sentence Correction

1. Incorrect:

Globalisation have many effects.

Correct: Globalisation has many effects.

2. Incorrect:

Pakistan export many products.

Correct: Pakistan exports many products.

3. Incorrect:

Foreign companies creates jobs.

Correct: Foreign companies create jobs.

4. Incorrect:

We should preserved our culture.

Correct: We should preserve our culture.

5. Incorrect:

If we will protect our traditions, they will survive.

Correct: If we protect our traditions, they will survive.

6. Incorrect:

Technology make communication easy.

Correct: Technology makes communication easy.

7. Incorrect:

Cultural diversity are important.

Correct: Cultural diversity is important.

8. Incorrect:

He is interested on international trade.

Correct: He is interested in international trade.

9. Incorrect:

Pakistan depends in foreign trade.

Correct: Pakistan depends on foreign trade.

10. Incorrect:

If I was a policymaker, I would protect local industries.

Correct: If I were a policymaker, I would protect local industries.

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Malik TahirLast Updated: October 2, 2026

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