9th Class Biology: chapter 3 Biodiversity Short Questions Answer
9th Class Biology: chapter 3 Biodiversity Short Questions Answer
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The branch of biology which deals with the classification is called taxonomy and the branch which deals with classification and also traces the evolutionary history of organisms is known as systematic.
The five-kingdom classification system is based on:
The lavels of cellular organization i.e prokaryotic unicellular eukaryotic and multicellular eukaryotic.
The Principal modes of nutrition i.e photosynthesis, absorption, and ingestion.
The biological name of human is homo sapiens and pea is pisum sativum.
Marco Polo sheep are mostly found in the Khunjerb National Park and nearby areas. The sheep have an endangered status and their numbers have been rapidly decreasing in the last two decades. WWF-P has started projects for its conservation.
Carlous Linnaeus was a Swedish biologist. He first introduced and adopted the system of binomial nomenclature. His system spread rapidly and became popular.
Organisms are classified in following kingdoms.
Monera
Protista
Fungi
Plantae
Species is the basic unit of classification. A species is a group of organisms which can interbreed freely among them and produce fertile offspring, but are reproductively isolated from all other such groups in nature.
Extinct Species: In an ecosystem a species is called extinct when there is no doubt that the last individual of that species has died in that ecosystem.
Endangered Species: A species is called endangered when it is at risk of extinction in near future.
Biodiversity is very important in following ways.
Biodiversity is a grat source of food for livings on land.
A significant proportion of drugs is obtained from biological sources directly or indirectly.
Over hunting has been major cause of extinction of specis and endangerment man species such as whales, ibex, urial, markhor etc.
Indus dolphin, Macro polo sheep and houbara bustard are endangered species Pakistan.
Fungi are absorptive in their nutritional mode.
Most fungi are decomposers. They live on organic material, secrete digestive enzymes and absorb foods.
Loss of habitat, deforestation over hunting introduction or removal of species and pollution are major causes of species extinction.
The cutting of forests is called deforestation.
Scientific name of Onion is Allium cepa and house crow is corvus splendens.
These are the groups in which livings are classified are called taxonomic categories or texa. These texa join to form a ledder called taxonomic hierarchy.
Prions and Viroids are cellular particles, and are not included in five kingdom classification system. The major prions are made us of protein only while virods are made up of circular RNA only.
The division of living organisms into their groups and sub groups based upon similarities and difference is called classification.
Objectives of classification:
To determine similarities and differences among organisms so that they can be studied easily.
Evolutionary relationship also find out by classification.
Viruses are acellular i.e they do not have cellular organization. Viruses are not considered as organisms and thus are not included in the five-kingdom classification system. Viruses show some characters of living organisms and also show some characters of non-living organisms. Viruses contain either RNA or DNA, normally encased in protein coat. They reproduce only in living cells, where they cause a number of diseases. Viruses due to their crystalline nature are considered as non-living. They are not considered as orgaisms and thus are not included in five kingdom classification system.
Chakor (Patridge) is the national bird of Pakistan, While Markhor is national animal of Paksitan.
Deforestation is done for using land for pasture and urban development.
To Produce money through fruits, sugar, soap, rubber, paper and different food product deforestation is done.
The classification system in which living organism are classified in five groups is called five kingdom classification system.
This system based upon the cellular organization and mode of nutrition.
In this kingdom eukaryotic, unicellular and simpler multicultural organisms are included.
Animal like protists i.e protozoa are also included. Whose cell lack cell wall and chlorophyll.
In kingdom monera prokaryotic organism are kept e.g. Bacteria and cyano bacteria.
The term biodiversity has been derived from bio and diversity. The variety with in species and among species is called biodiversity.
The branch of biology which deals with naming and classification of organisms into groups and sub groups is called taxonomy.
