9th Class Biology: chapter 3 Biodiversity Short Questions Answer
9th Class Biology: chapter 3 Biodiversity Short Questions Answer
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[toggle title=”What do you know about Biodiversity?
Ans: The term “biodiversity” has been derived from ‘bio’ and ‘diversity’. The Biodiversity of an ecosystem is defined as variety within a species and among species.
Biodiversity is a measure of the variety of organisms present in different ecosystems.
Biodiversity depends on some environmental factors, such as:
Climate
Altitude
Soils
Presence of other species
Biodiversity is not distributed evenly on Earth. It is the richest in the tropics.
[toggle title=”Describe two characteristics of kingdom plantae?
Ans: Kingdom Plantae:
Plants make their own food by photosynthesis.
They have multicellular sex organs.
[toggle title=”What is the difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs?
Ans: Plants are called autotroph, because they can prepare their own food, while those organism which can not prepare their food are called heterotrophs.
[toggle title=”In which areas hubara bustard is found?
Ans: Hubara bustard flies to Pakistan in winter season from soviet territory and settles in cholistan and Thar deserts.
[toggle title=”Why we formulate Bionomial Nomenclature?
Ans: In Binomial Nomenclature every organism get only a single name which is equally used in all over the world. This system help us to avoid from confusion in which an organism or a plant have different name in different regions, in different languages of the world.
[toggle title=”Write characteristics of Kingdom monera?
Ans: Kingdom monera contain prokaryotic organisms i.e. they are made of prokaryotic cells.
Most monerans are heterotrophic but some can perform photosynthesis.
Bacteria and cyanobacteria are included in this kindom.
[toggle title=”Define Binomial Nomenclature?
Ans: Binomial Nomenclature is the method of giving scientific names of living organisms.
Carlous Linnaeus introduced a system of giving scientific names to organisms, this is called binomial nomenclature.
[toggle title=”How do we write scientific names?
Ans: Scientific names are usually printed in italics, such as Homo sapiens. When handwritten they are underlined.
The first term always begins with capital latter, while species name is never capitalized.
The scientific name is generally written in full when it is first used. But when seral species from the same genus are being listed, it may then be abbreviated by just using an initial for the genus; for example Escherichia coli becomes E.coli.
[toggle title=”What do you mean b soil erosion?
Ans: Removal of the top layer of fertile soil by flooding or winds is called soil erosion.
[toggle title=”Write the name of any two decomposers?
Ans: Bacteria and fungi are examples of decomposers.
[toggle title=”What is meant by acellular?
Ans: Acellular mean they do not cellular organization. i.e. they are not made up of cell.
[toggle title=”Differentiate between taxonomy and systematic? ” state=”close”]
The branch of biology which deals with the classification is called taxonomy and the branch which deals with classification and also traces the evolutionary history of organisms is known as systematic. [/toggle]
[toggle title=”What are the bases of five Kingdom system? ” state=”close”]
The five-kingdom classification system is based on:
The lavels of cellular organization i.e prokaryotic unicellular eukaryotic and multicellular eukaryotic.
The Principal modes of nutrition i.e photosynthesis, absorption, and ingestion. [/toggle]
[toggle title=”Write down the biological name of human and pea? ” state=”close”]
The biological name of human is homo sapiens and pea is pisum sativum. [/toggle]
[toggle title=”Write a short note on Marco polo sheep? ” state=”close”]
Marco Polo sheep are mostly found in the Khunjerb National Park and nearby areas. The sheep have an endangered status and their numbers have been rapidly decreasing in the last two decades. WWF-P has started projects for its conservation. [/toggle]
[toggle title=”Who was Carlous Linnaeus? Why is he Famous? ” state=”close”]
Carlous Linnaeus was a Swedish biologist. He first introduced and adopted the system of binomial nomenclature. His system spread rapidly and became popular. [/toggle]
[toggle title=”Write down the names of four different Kingdoms of organisms? ” state=”close”]
Organisms are classified in following kingdoms.
Monera
Protista
Fungi
Plantae[/toggle]
[toggle title=”What is the basic unit of Classification? Define it. ” state=”close”]
Species is the basic unit of classification. A species is a group of organisms which can interbreed freely among them and produce fertile offspring, but are reproductively isolated from all other such groups in nature. [/toggle]
[toggle title=”What is the difference between Extinct and Endangered Species? ” state=”close”]
Extinct Species: In an ecosystem a species is called extinct when there is no doubt that the last individual of that species has died in that ecosystem.
Endangered Species: A species is called endangered when it is at risk of extinction in near future. [/toggle]
[toggle title=”Write two point on the importance of biodiversity? ” state=”close”]
Biodiversity is very important in following ways.
Biodiversity is a grat source of food for livings on land.
A significant proportion of drugs is obtained from biological sources directly or indirectly. [/toggle]
[toggle title=”What is the role of over- hunting in extinction? ” state=”close”]
Over hunting has been major cause of extinction of specis and endangerment man species such as whales, ibex, urial, markhor etc. [/toggle]
[toggle title=”Name three endangered species in Pakistan? ” state=”close”]
Indus dolphin, Macro polo sheep and houbara bustard are endangered species Pakistan. [/toggle]
[toggle title=”What is meant by endangered Species? ” state=”close”]A species is called endangered when it is at risk of extinction in near future. [/toggle]
[toggle title=”What are two important characteristics of kingdom fungi? ” state=”close”]
Fungi are absorptive in their nutritional mode.
Most fungi are decomposers. They live on organic material, secrete digestive enzymes and absorb foods. [/toggle]
[toggle title=”Write down any four major causes of species extinction? ” state=”close”]
Loss of habitat, deforestation over hunting introduction or removal of species and pollution are major causes of species extinction. [/toggle]
[toggle title=”What is meant by deforestation? ” state=”close”]
The cutting of forests is called deforestation. [/toggle]
[toggle title=”Write the scientific name of Onion and House Crow? ” state=”close”]
Scientific name of Onion is Allium cepa and house crow is corvus splendens. [/toggle]
[toggle title=”Define “Taxonomic Hierarchy’? ” state=”close”]
These are the groups in which livings are classified are called taxonomic categories or texa. These texa join to form a ledder called taxonomic hierarchy. [/toggle]
[toggle title=”Write difference between prions and viroids? ” state=”close”]
Prions and Viroids are cellular particles, and are not included in five kingdom classification system. The major prions are made us of protein only while virods are made up of circular RNA only. [/toggle]
[toggle title=”Define classification and give its objectives? ” state=”close”]
The division of living organisms into their groups and sub groups based upon similarities and difference is called classification.
Objectives of classification:
To determine similarities and differences among organisms so that they can be studied easily.
Evolutionary relationship also find out by classification. [/toggle]
[toggle title=”Where do you place Viruses status? ” state=”close”]
Viruses are acellular i.e they do not have cellular organization. Viruses are not considered as organisms and thus are not included in the five-kingdom classification system. Viruses show some characters of living organisms and also show some characters of non-living organisms. Viruses contain either RNA or DNA, normally encased in protein coat. They reproduce only in living cells, where they cause a number of diseases. Viruses due to their crystalline nature are considered as non-living. They are not considered as orgaisms and thus are not included in five kingdom classification system. [/toggle]
[toggle title=”Name the national bird and national animal of Pakistan? ” state=”close”]
Chakor (Patridge) is the national bird of Pakistan, While Markhor is national animal of Paksitan. [/toggle]
[toggle title=”Describe two reasons of deforestation? ” state=”close”]
Deforestation is done for using land for pasture and urban development.
To Produce money through fruits, sugar, soap, rubber, paper and different food product deforestation is done. [/toggle]
[toggle title=”What is five kingdom sstem? ” state=”close”]
The classification system in which living organism are classified in five groups is called five kingdom classification system.
This system based upon the cellular organization and mode of nutrition. [/toggle]
[toggle title=”Write down two characteristics of kingdom protista? ” state=”close”]
In this kingdom eukaryotic, unicellular and simpler multicultural organisms are included.
Animal like protists i.e protozoa are also included. Whose cell lack cell wall and chlorophyll. [/toggle]
[toggle title=”On which characteristics five kingdom classification system is based? ” state=”close”]
In kingdom monera prokaryotic organism are kept e.g. Bacteria and cyano bacteria. [/toggle]
[toggle title=”What is meant by biodiversity? ” state=”close”]
The term biodiversity has been derived from bio and diversity. The variety with in species and among species is called biodiversity. [/toggle]
[toggle title=”Define Taxonomy? ” state=”close”]
The branch of biology which deals with naming and classification of organisms into groups and sub groups is called taxonomy. [/toggle]
