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MDCAT Biology Inheritance Test Online MCQs

Mustansar KhanLast Updated: July 12, 2025

MDCAT Biology Inheritance Test

MDCAT Biology preparation with this focused online MCQ test on Inheritance. Covering topics like Mendel’s laws, gene linkage, crossing over, and sex-linked traits, this quiz is based on the updated MDCAT 2025 syllabus to help you master the principles of heredity.

MDCAT 2025 Inheritance Online Test

Total Questions:	48
Time Allowed:	25 Minutes
Total Marks:	48
How to Attempt Test:	Please choose the right Option in MCQ-type question.
Test Helpful For:	MDCAT Entry Test Biology Online Test Interview Questions about Biology All Universities Entrance Test Recruitments Tests

Inheritance MCQS Online Question with Answer

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1. What does heterozygous mean?

Having different alleles

Having one allele

Having a dominant trait only

Having two identical alleles

2. A recessive allele is expressed only when:

It is present on both homologous chromosomes

It is on a heterozygous genotype

It is dominant over another allele

It is present on a Y chromosome

3. In a Punnett square of an XʰX × XY cross, what is the chance of a daughter being a carrier?

100%

25%

50%

4. What is the result of crossing TT (tall) with tt (short) pea plants?

All medium

All tall

All short

50% tall, 50% short

5. What is gene mapping based on?

Location of traits

Physical size of chromosomes

Frequency of crossing over

Shape of DNA

6. Which of the following crosses would show Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment?

TT × Tt

TT × tt

Tt × tt

TtRr × TtRr

7. What is the purpose of a Punnett square?

To study chromosomes under a microscope

To identify dominant alleles

To determine the age of a gene

To predict the probability of genetic traits

8. What does a test cross help determine?

Whether an individual is heterozygous or homozygous dominant

The blood group

The number of chromosomes

The presence of recessive traits only

9. In Mendel’s experiments, which trait was dominant?

White flower

Tall stem

Wrinkled seeds

Short stem

10. Why are X-linked recessive traits more common in males?

Y chromosome protects them

Males are more prone to mutations

Males have two X chromosomes

Males have only one X chromosome

11. In X-linked inheritance, who can be carriers of the trait?

Only males

Neither

Both males and females

Only females

12. In Mendel's dihybrid cross, what phenotypic ratio is expected in the F2 generation?

3:1

1:1

1:2:1

9:3:3:1

13. If T is dominant for tall and t for dwarf, what is the phenotype of Tt?

Recessive

Medium height

Dwarf

Tall

14. What process can separate linked genes?

Transcription

Crossing over

Replication

Translation

15. A carrier female for hemophilia would have the genotype:

XʰX

XʰXʰ

16. Which phase of meiosis does crossing over occur?

Anaphase II

Metaphase I

Prophase I

Telophase I

17. Which of the following diseases is caused by an X-linked recessive gene?

Diabetes

Hemophilia

Cancer

Sickle-cell anemia

18. Which of the following is a test cross?

TT × TT

Tt × tt

TT × Tt

Tt × Tt

19. Which of the following best defines crossing over?

Exchange of segments between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes

Exchange of genetic material between sister chromatids

Segregation of alleles during mitosis

Random mutation of DNA

20. Which of the following is an example of a dihybrid trait?

Height and seed shape in pea plants

Blood type in humans

Flower color in pea plants

Height in pea plants

21. A hemophilic male and a carrier female have how many chances of passing on the disease?

25%

50%

75%

100%

22. If two carriers of a recessive disorder marry, what is the chance their child will be affected?

25%

50%

100%

23. Sex-linked genes are mostly located on:

Y chromosome

Autosomes

X chromosome

Mitochondrial DNA

24. In hemophilia, a female must inherit:

Two defective X chromosomes

One defective autosome

One defective Y

One defective X

25. How many alleles does a diploid organism have for each gene?

Three

Two

Four

One

Page 2 of 2

26. Which scientist is known as the father of genetics?

Darwin

Mendel

Lamarck

Watson

27. Which of the following would have a 100% chance of passing on an X-linked recessive trait to daughters?

Affected father

Carrier father

Normal mother

Carrier mother

28. What is the expected genotypic ratio of a monohybrid cross between two heterozygotes?

1:1

3:1

1:2:1

9:3:3:1

29. Which of the following violates the law of independent assortment?

Gene linkage

Mutation

Codominance

Crossing over

30. What is the effect of crossing over on linked genes?

Prevents their expression

May separate them, increasing variation

Has no effect

Ensures they always remain linked

31. How many types of gametes can be produced by a heterozygous dihybrid individual (TtRr)?

32. Which term refers to different forms of a gene?

Alleles

Nucleotides

Chromatids

Traits

33. What does the Law of Independent Assortment explain?

Each pair of alleles segregates independently during gamete formation

Dominant traits hide recessive ones

Alleles always segregate together

Mutations occur randomly

34. What is the condition in which an individual has two identical alleles for a trait?

Heterozygous

Homozygous

Hybrid

Diploid

35. What is the significance of independent assortment?

It increases the number of cells

It ensures mutation

It maintains genetic stability

It increases genetic variation

36. A male inherits his X chromosome from:

Only from autosomes

His mother

His father

Both parents

37. In which sex is hemophilia most commonly expressed?

Males

Only children

Females

Both equally

38. The units of inheritance are:

Ribosomes

Proteins

Chromosomes

Genes

39. Hemophilia primarily affects:

Digestive system

Muscle strength

Blood clotting

Nerve function

40. What is the probability that a carrier mother and a normal father will have a son with hemophilia?

25%

100%

50%

41. Which of the following is a result of gene linkage?

Random recombination

Greater genetic variation

Traits assort independently

Inherited traits appear together

42. Gene linkage occurs when:

Genes are silenced

Genes are located close together on the same chromosome

Genes are located on different chromosomes

Genes code for the same protein

43. Which process leads to genetic recombination?

Crossing over

Replication

Mitosis

Translation

44. Why can’t fathers pass X-linked traits to sons?

Sons reject X chromosomes

Fathers only pass the Y chromosome to sons

Fathers don’t carry defective genes

Sons don’t have X chromosomes

45. Which term describes genes located on the same chromosome and inherited together?

Codominant genes

Linked genes

Recessive genes

Alleles

46. A female with normal genes for clotting marries a hemophilic man. What is the chance their son will have hemophilia?

100%

50%

25%

47. Which of the following best describes Mendel's Law of Segregation?

Dominant traits are always expressed

Alleles for a trait separate during gamete formation

Traits are inherited in pairs

Genes always blend in offspring

48. Which of the following terms best describes the physical appearance of an organism?

Genotype

Karyotype

Allele

Phenotype

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Mustansar KhanLast Updated: July 12, 2025

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MDCAT Biology Inheritance Test Online MCQs

MDCAT Biology Inheritance Test

MDCAT 2025 Inheritance Online Test

Inheritance MCQS Online Question with Answer

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