MDCAT Biology Acellular life Test Online

MDCAT Biology Acellular life Test

MDCAT Biology preparation with this online MCQ test on Acellular Life. This quiz covers key concepts related to viruses, viroids, prions, and viral diseases, including structure, replication, and classification—based on the MDCAT 2025 syllabus.

MDCAT 2025 Acellular life Online Test

Acellular life MCQS Online Question with Answer

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1. Which virus has both DNA and an envelope?

Poliovirus

Hepatitis B virus

Rabies virus

Influenza virus

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2. How is HIV transmitted?

Casual contact

Coughing or sneezing

Unprotected sexual contact

Mosquito bites

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3. What is the main function of a viral envelope?

Replicate the genome

Protect the capsid

Store energy

Aid in host cell recognition and entry

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4. What makes a virus host-specific?

Type of nucleic acid

Length of capsid

Presence of ribosomes

Compatibility of surface receptors

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5. How do viruses reproduce?

By budding

By using the host cell machinery

By mitosis

By binary fission

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6. Which virus causes cancer-like conditions and is classified as an oncovirus?

HPV

Poliovirus

Dengue virus

Rabies virus

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7. What type of nucleic acid is found in the Influenza virus?

Double-stranded DNA

Double-stranded RNA

Single-stranded RNA

Single-stranded DNA

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8. Which of the following structures is found in enveloped viruses but not in non-enveloped viruses?

Capsid

Nucleic acid

DNA or RNA

Lipid envelope

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9. Which of the following diseases is not caused by a virus?

Influenza

Measles

Rabies

Tuberculosis

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10. Viruses are considered non-living because:

They cause diseases

They have RNA

They reproduce quickly

They do not grow or carry out metabolism

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11. The term "acellular" refers to:

Viruses having many cells

Viruses lacking cellular structure

Cells that divide quickly

Cells with large nuclei

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12. Which of the following best describes viral replication?

Mitosis in host cell

Independent binary fission

Using host machinery to replicate

Reproduction in the nucleus

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13. Which statement about viruses is true?

They are cellular organisms

They reproduce on their own

They have both DNA and RNA

They require a host cell for replication

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14. Which of the following diseases is associated with a long latent period?

Mumps

AIDS

Influenza

Dengue

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15. Which type of virus infects bacteria?

Bacteriophage

Retrovirus

Oncovirus

Adenovirus

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16. Which of the following best describes the genome of a typical virus?

Can be DNA or RNA, single or double-stranded

Only RNA in double-stranded form

Always double-stranded DNA

Always circular DNA

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17. Which of the following body fluids does not transmit HIV?

Vaginal fluid

Saliva

Blood

Semen

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18. Which of the following viruses is responsible for causing AIDS?

HPV

HSV

HIV

HCV

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19. Which of the following correctly describes the genetic material in HIV?

Single-stranded DNA

Double-stranded RNA

Double-stranded DNA

Single-stranded RNA

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20. Which enzyme helps HIV integrate its DNA into the host genome?

Integrase

Ligase

RNA polymerase

Helicase

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21. What is the shape of the influenza virus?

Helical

Icosahedral

Complex

Tadpole

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22. Which of the following statements is correct about AIDS?

It only affects the liver

It weakens the immune system

It is curable with antibiotics

It is caused by a bacterium

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23. How is the genetic material of a virus protected?

By the cell wall

By the capsid

By mitochondria

By the cytoplasm

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24. What is a provirus?

A virus that infects only animals

A non-infectious form of virus

Viral DNA integrated into host DNA

A plant virus

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25. HIV primarily infects which cells of the human body?

T-helper cells

Red blood cells

Neurons

Liver cells

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26. Why is HIV called a retrovirus?

It uses a DNA genome

It replicates backward from RNA to DNA

It uses host ribosomes

It has a double capsid

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27. The protein shell that protects the viral genome is known as:

Capsule

Nucleoid

Capsid

Envelope

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28. What is the outer protein coat of a virus called?

Cell wall

Membrane

Capsid

Envelope

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29. Which of the following cells does HIV primarily destroy?

Neutrophils

Red blood cells

B-cells

T-helper cells (CD4+)

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30. Which of the following structures is absent in all viruses?

Protein coat

Nucleic acid

Ribosomes

Capsid

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31. Which of the following viral diseases is sexually transmitted?

Hepatitis A

Measles

HIV/AIDS

Influenza

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32. Which enzyme is unique to retroviruses like HIV?

Ligase

DNA polymerase

RNA polymerase

Reverse transcriptase

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33. Which of the following methods cannot destroy viruses?

Antibiotics

Disinfectants

High heat

UV radiation

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34. What is the incubation period of HIV before AIDS symptoms appear?

1–2 weeks

1–2 days

Several months to years

Immediate onset

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35. What is the shape of the T4 bacteriophage?

Tadpole-shaped

Helical

Icosahedral

Spherical

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36. Why can’t viruses be classified in the five-kingdom system?

They are prokaryotes

They are too small

They are not considered living organisms

They do not contain DNA

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37. Which of the following is NOT a symptom of AIDS?

Persistent fever

Frequent infections

Strong immune response

Sudden weight loss

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38. Which feature is found only in viruses and not in bacteria?

Protein coat

Cell membrane

Nucleic acid

Ribosomes

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39. Which of the following is a DNA virus?

Hepatitis B virus

Poliovirus

HIV

Influenza virus

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40. Which of the following is not a host for viruses?

Fungi only

Humans

Bacteria

Plants

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41. What is the first step in viral infection?

Translation

DNA replication

Attachment to host cell

Release of virions

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42. What makes viruses different from bacteria?

They reproduce independently

They require a host cell to reproduce

They have mitochondria

They are prokaryotes

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43. Which disease is caused by a retrovirus?

Dengue

Hepatitis A

AIDS

Influenza

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44. Which component allows HIV to attach to host cells?

Reverse transcriptase

GP120 glycoprotein

RNA polymerase

DNA ligase

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45. Viruses can be classified based on all of the following except:

Shape and symmetry

Type of nucleic acid

Host organism

Ribosome content

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46. Which disease is caused by a virus with helical symmetry?

Mumps

Hepatitis B

Rabies

Polio

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47. Why are antibiotics ineffective against viruses?

Viruses are immune to drugs

Viruses live only in water

Viruses are not living and lack targets like cell walls

Viruses grow too fast

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48. Which part of the HIV virus binds to CD4 receptors on host cells?

Capsid

Reverse transcriptase

GP120

Integrase

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49. AIDS is characterized by:

High white blood cell count

Weak immune system and opportunistic infections

Excessive energy production

Enlarged red blood cells

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50. What is the role of reverse transcriptase in HIV?

Converts viral RNA to DNA

Synthesizes viral proteins

Forms viral capsid

Breaks down host DNA

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