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Biology Inheritance Test Online MCQs

Mustansar KhanLast Updated: October 14, 2025

Important Biology Inheritance Question and Answer

Total Questions:	48
Time Allowed:	25 Minutes
Total Marks:	48
How to Attempt Test:	Please choose the right Option in MCQ-type question.
Test Helpful For:	Biology Test MDCAT Test FPSC/PPSC/SPSC/KPPSC/BPSC/AJKPSC/NTS Biology Interview Question Answer Universities Entrance Test

Biology Inheritance Practice Test Online With Explanation

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1. A female with normal genes for clotting marries a hemophilic man. What is the chance their son will have hemophilia?

100%

25%

50%

2. How many alleles does a diploid organism have for each gene?

One

Four

Three

Two

3. In a Punnett square of an XʰX × XY cross, what is the chance of a daughter being a carrier?

50%

25%

100%

4. Which of the following violates the law of independent assortment?

Gene linkage

Crossing over

Codominance

Mutation

5. Which process leads to genetic recombination?

Replication

Translation

Mitosis

Crossing over

6. Which of the following is an example of a dihybrid trait?

Height in pea plants

Height and seed shape in pea plants

Flower color in pea plants

Blood type in humans

7. If two carriers of a recessive disorder marry, what is the chance their child will be affected?

50%

100%

25%

8. Which phase of meiosis does crossing over occur?

Metaphase I

Telophase I

Anaphase II

Prophase I

9. What is the condition in which an individual has two identical alleles for a trait?

Heterozygous

Diploid

Hybrid

Homozygous

10. In hemophilia, a female must inherit:

One defective autosome

One defective X

Two defective X chromosomes

One defective Y

11. In Mendel’s experiments, which trait was dominant?

Tall stem

Short stem

Wrinkled seeds

White flower

12. Why are X-linked recessive traits more common in males?

Males have only one X chromosome

Y chromosome protects them

Males have two X chromosomes

Males are more prone to mutations

13. What is the result of crossing TT (tall) with tt (short) pea plants?

50% tall, 50% short

All medium

All short

All tall

14. A recessive allele is expressed only when:

It is dominant over another allele

It is on a heterozygous genotype

It is present on a Y chromosome

It is present on both homologous chromosomes

15. What is gene mapping based on?

Location of traits

Physical size of chromosomes

Shape of DNA

Frequency of crossing over

16. Which of the following terms best describes the physical appearance of an organism?

Karyotype

Phenotype

Allele

Genotype

17. The units of inheritance are:

Ribosomes

Genes

Chromosomes

Proteins

18. Which of the following is a test cross?

Tt × tt

TT × TT

TT × Tt

Tt × Tt

19. Hemophilia primarily affects:

Muscle strength

Nerve function

Blood clotting

Digestive system

20. Which term refers to different forms of a gene?

Alleles

Traits

Chromatids

Nucleotides

21. Which of the following would have a 100% chance of passing on an X-linked recessive trait to daughters?

Carrier father

Carrier mother

Normal mother

Affected father

22. Which of the following best describes Mendel's Law of Segregation?

Traits are inherited in pairs

Dominant traits are always expressed

Alleles for a trait separate during gamete formation

Genes always blend in offspring

23. What is the significance of independent assortment?

It ensures mutation

It maintains genetic stability

It increases genetic variation

It increases the number of cells

24. In Mendel's dihybrid cross, what phenotypic ratio is expected in the F2 generation?

1:1

1:2:1

3:1

9:3:3:1

25. How many types of gametes can be produced by a heterozygous dihybrid individual (TtRr)?

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26. Sex-linked genes are mostly located on:

Mitochondrial DNA

Autosomes

X chromosome

Y chromosome

27. A carrier female for hemophilia would have the genotype:

XʰXʰ

XʰX

28. What process can separate linked genes?

Crossing over

Replication

Transcription

Translation

29. In X-linked inheritance, who can be carriers of the trait?

Only males

Only females

Neither

Both males and females

30. What does a test cross help determine?

The presence of recessive traits only

The blood group

Whether an individual is heterozygous or homozygous dominant

The number of chromosomes

31. Which scientist is known as the father of genetics?

Watson

Darwin

Lamarck

Mendel

32. In which sex is hemophilia most commonly expressed?

Both equally

Females

Males

Only children

33. Gene linkage occurs when:

Genes are located close together on the same chromosome

Genes are located on different chromosomes

Genes code for the same protein

Genes are silenced

34. If T is dominant for tall and t for dwarf, what is the phenotype of Tt?

Recessive

Dwarf

Tall

Medium height

35. Which of the following is a result of gene linkage?

Inherited traits appear together

Greater genetic variation

Random recombination

Traits assort independently

36. A hemophilic male and a carrier female have how many chances of passing on the disease?

50%

25%

75%

100%

37. What does the Law of Independent Assortment explain?

Mutations occur randomly

Dominant traits hide recessive ones

Alleles always segregate together

Each pair of alleles segregates independently during gamete formation

38. Which of the following crosses would show Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment?

Tt × tt

TT × Tt

TtRr × TtRr

TT × tt

39. A male inherits his X chromosome from:

His mother

Only from autosomes

His father

Both parents

40. Why can’t fathers pass X-linked traits to sons?

Sons reject X chromosomes

Fathers only pass the Y chromosome to sons

Fathers don’t carry defective genes

Sons don’t have X chromosomes

41. What is the expected genotypic ratio of a monohybrid cross between two heterozygotes?

3:1

1:2:1

9:3:3:1

1:1

42. What does heterozygous mean?

Having different alleles

Having one allele

Having a dominant trait only

Having two identical alleles

43. Which of the following best defines crossing over?

Exchange of genetic material between sister chromatids

Segregation of alleles during mitosis

Random mutation of DNA

Exchange of segments between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes

44. What is the effect of crossing over on linked genes?

Ensures they always remain linked

Prevents their expression

May separate them, increasing variation

Has no effect

45. Which term describes genes located on the same chromosome and inherited together?

Linked genes

Recessive genes

Alleles

Codominant genes

46. What is the probability that a carrier mother and a normal father will have a son with hemophilia?

50%

100%

25%

47. What is the purpose of a Punnett square?

To study chromosomes under a microscope

To determine the age of a gene

To identify dominant alleles

To predict the probability of genetic traits

48. Which of the following diseases is caused by an X-linked recessive gene?

Cancer

Diabetes

Sickle-cell anemia

Hemophilia

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Mustansar KhanLast Updated: October 14, 2025

Biology Inheritance Test Online MCQs

Important Biology Inheritance Question and Answer

Biology Inheritance Practice Test Online With Explanation

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