Biology Variation and Genetics Online Test MCQs

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Question 1

1. What are alternative forms of a gene called?

Question 2

2. Which genotype represents a carrier female for hemophilia?

Question 3

3. Who is known as the father of genetics?

Answer

Charles Darwin

Answer

Louis Pasteur

Answer

James Watson

Answer

Gregor Mendel

Question 4

4. Which of the following represents multiple alleles?

Answer

IA, IB, i (blood groups)

Question 5

5. What is meant by codominance?

Answer

Both alleles are fully expressed

Answer

Traits blend in offspring

Answer

One trait is hidden

Answer

One allele is completely dominant

Question 6

6. If a trait is X-linked and recessive, who is more likely to express it?

Answer

Both equally

Question 7

7. What are sex chromosomes also known as?

Answer

Somatic chromosomes

Question 8

8. Which blood type is considered the universal donor?

Question 9

9. How many chromosomes do human gametes contain?

Question 10

10. Which of the following conditions is caused by multiple alleles?

Answer

Blood groups

Answer

Huntington’s disease

Answer

Cystic fibrosis

Answer

Hemophilia

Question 11

11. Which term refers to the genetic makeup of an organism?

Question 12

12. A cross between RR and rr individuals will result in which genotype in F1?

Question 13

13. Which generation did Mendel refer to as F1?

Answer

First parental

Answer

Second parental

Answer

First filial

Question 14

14. A male with hemophilia inherits the gene from:

Answer

Both parents

Answer

His father

Answer

Grandparents

Answer

His mother

Question 15

15. If both parents are heterozygous for a trait, what is the chance their child will be homozygous recessive?

Question 16

16. Crossing over occurs during which phase of meiosis?

Answer

Anaphase I

Answer

Metaphase I

Answer

Telophase II

Answer

Prophase I

Question 17

17. What is a test cross used for?

Answer

Determine age

Answer

Determine unknown genotype

Answer

Predict phenotype

Question 18

18. Which of the following is an example of a sex-linked trait?

Answer

Blood type

Answer

Tongue rolling

Answer

Hemophilia

Question 19

19. Which of the following is a genetic disorder related to blood clotting?

Answer

Color blindness

Answer

Sickle cell anemia

Answer

Hemophilia

Answer

Thalassemia

Question 20

20. In humans, sex is determined by:

Answer

Number of genes

Answer

X and Y chromosomes

Answer

Environment

Question 21

21. In a dihybrid cross, what phenotypic ratio is expected in the F2 generation?

Question 22

22. What causes variation in sexually reproducing organisms?

Answer

All of the above

Answer

Random fertilization

Answer

Mutation only

Answer

Independent assortment and crossing over

Question 23

23. Which of the following is a statistical tool used to predict inheritance?

Answer

Thermometer

Answer

Graph paper

Answer

Spectrophotometer

Answer

Punnett square

Question 24

24. In Mendel's experiment, round seeds were dominant over:

Answer

Tall plants

Answer

Green pods

Answer

Wrinkled seeds

Answer

Yellow seeds

Question 25

25. What is the expected phenotypic ratio in a monohybrid cross?

Question 26

26. How many phenotypes are possible in ABO blood group inheritance?

Question 27

27. What is the law of segregation?

Answer

Alleles for a trait separate during gamete formation

Answer

Genes exist only in pairs

Answer

All traits blend in offspring

Answer

Dominant traits are always expressed

Question 28

28. What does the law of independent assortment state?

Answer

Dominant traits skip generations

Answer

Gene pairs separate independently in gametes

Answer

All alleles blend equally

Answer

Traits are always inherited together

Question 29

29. Which is an example of incomplete dominance?

Answer

Eye color in humans

Answer

AB blood group

Answer

Red and white flower making a pink flower

Answer

Hemophilia

Question 30

30. Which of the following statements best explains Mendel’s principle of dominance?

Answer

The recessive allele is always expressed

Answer

Both alleles are equally expressed

Answer

Alleles blend to form an intermediate trait

Answer

One allele may mask the effect of another

Question 31

31. In Drosophila, red eyes are dominant over white eyes. What is the expected outcome of crossing a red-eyed female (carrier) with a white-eyed male?

Answer

All white-eyed offspring

Answer

All red-eyed offspring

Answer

50% white-eyed males

Answer

50% white-eyed females

Question 32

32. Which term describes having identical alleles?

Answer

Heterozygous

Answer

Homozygous

Question 33

33. What tool is used to trace inheritance patterns in families?

Answer

Microscope

Answer

Pedigree chart

Answer

Electrophoresis

Question 34

34. Who rediscovered Mendel’s work in the early 1900s?

Answer

Hugo de Vries, Carl Correns, Erich von Tschermak

Answer

Watson and Crick

Answer

Charles Darwin

Answer

Thomas Morgan

Question 35

35. What does a Punnett square help predict?

Answer

Chromosome numbers

Answer

Blood pressure levels

Answer

Evolution rate

Answer

Genotypic and phenotypic outcomes

Question 36

36. Which organism is commonly used to study sex linkage?

Answer

Drosophila melanogaster

Question 37

37. What does the term "locus" refer to?

Answer

Type of allele

Answer

Type of chromosome

Answer

Type of mutation

Answer

Physical location of a gene on a chromosome

Question 38

38. A genotype of “Tt” represents a:

Answer

Homozygous recessive

Answer

Homozygous dominant

Answer

Incomplete dominance

Answer

Heterozygous

Question 39

39. In a dihybrid cross, how many different phenotypes can be produced?

Question 40

40. What organism did Mendel use in his inheritance experiments?

Answer

Pea plants

Answer

Fruit flies

Question 41

41. What is the probability of producing a tall pea plant (Tt × Tt), assuming tall (T) is dominant?

Question 42

42. Which term refers to the physical appearance of a trait?

Answer

Chromosome

Question 43

43. Which term describes the failure of chromosomes to separate properly during meiosis?

Answer

Translocation

Answer

Nondisjunction

Question 44

44. The red-white eye color in Drosophila is an example of:

Answer

Autosomal inheritance

Answer

Dominant-recessive on Y

Answer

Polygenic inheritance

Answer

X-linked inheritance

Question 45

45. What is the genotype of a male in terms of sex chromosomes?

Question 46

46. How many alleles control the ABO blood group system?

Question 47

47. Which type of inheritance does not follow Mendel’s law of independent assortment?

Answer

Monohybrid cross

Answer

Co-dominance

Answer

Dihybrid cross

Answer

Gene linkage

Question 48

48. What does gene linkage refer to?

Answer

Genes with multiple alleles

Answer

Genes with no effect on phenotype

Answer

Genes found on different chromosomes

Answer

Genes located close together on the same chromosome

Question 49

49. What is the result of crossing over?

Answer

Genetic variation

Answer

Identical gametes

Question 50

50. Which of the following disorders is caused by a recessive gene on the X chromosome?

Answer

Sickle cell anemia

Answer

Down syndrome

Answer

Hemophilia

Answer

Huntington’s disease

Question 51

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Total Questions:	50
Time Allowed:	25 Minutes
Total Marks:	50
How to Attempt Test:	Please choose the right Option in MCQ-type question.
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Biology Variation and Genetics Online Test MCQs

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Important Biology Variation and Genetics Question and Answer

Biology Variation and Genetics Practice Test Online With Explanation

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How to Score High in Biology Variation and Genetics Online Test MCQs?

Key Preparation Tips:

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Malik Tahir

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