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Malik TahirLast Updated: October 14, 2025

Important Fundamental Principles of Organic Question and Answer

Total Questions:	119
Time Allowed:	60 Minutes
Total Marks:	119
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Chemistry Fundamental Principles of Organic Practice Test Online With Explanation

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Page 1 of 5

Chemistry

1. There is no direct test for the detection of one of the following is an organic compound. Which is it?

2. I-Chloropropane has two isomers. It is an example of

Position isomerism

Metamerism

Functional group isomerism

Chain isomerism

3. The use of tetra ethyl lead in petrol as an efficient antiknock agent is being discouraged. Which reason is correct?

It is costly

It damages the engine

Pb is difficult to obtain in bulk qualities

The combustion product, lead causes air pollution

4. Petroleum is mainly a mixture of

Compounds of S

Saturated hydrocarbons

Phenols

Unsaturated hydrocarbon

5. When a compound X is passed through a dilute alkaline solution of KMnO₄ the pink colour of solution is discharged. The compound X is possibly

Benzene

Ethane

Ethene

Methane

6. Wholer prepared urea from

Ammonia

NH₄CNO

NH₃

Uric acid

7. Ethyl alcohol on ____________ gives ethane

Dehydration

Hydration

Oxidation

Dehydrogenation

8. On sp3 hybridization

Four p-orbitals are involved

One s and 3 p-orbitals are involved

All p-orbitals are involved

One p-orbital is involved

9. An isomer of ethanol is:

Acetone

Diethyl ether

Dimethyl ether

Methanol

10. C₄H₈ can show isomerism

Geometric

Functional group

Position

Structural

11. Which of the following is complex?

(C₆H₁₀O₅)n

C₆H₁₂O₆

CH₄

CaSO₄. 0.5H₂O

12. In catalytic cracking, the typical catalyst used is

SiO₂+Al₂O₃

SiO₂

Al₂O₃

13. Which of the following in not an organic compound?

Urea

Glucose

Methane

Ammonium cyanate

14. What hybridization is predicted for sulfur in the HSO₃¯ ion?

sp³

sp³d

sp²

15. Ether shows the phenomenon of

Position isomerism

Metamerism

Cis – trass isomerism

Chain isomerism

16. Replacement of hydrogen atom by – SO₃H group in benzene is called

Acylation

Nitration

Alkylation

Sulphonation

17. The four bonds of carbon in methane are directed towards the corners of

Cube

Pentagon

Tetrahedron

Hexagon

18. Compounds of carbon and hydrogen in which the tetra valency of carbon is fully satisfied are called:

Un-saturated

Para-magnetic

Magnetic

Saturated

19. In which molecule carbon atom is sp² hybridized

C₂H₂

C₂H₄

None of these

CH₄

20. The characteristic reactions of alkanes are

Condensation reactions

Polymerization

Substitution reactions

Addition reactions

21. Organic compounds are soluble in all except

Benzene

Petroleum

Water

Ether

22. An alkene forms isomers if the number of carbon atoms is at least

23. Which of the following compounds will exhibit cis-trans isomerism?

Butanal

2-butanol

2-butene

2-butyne

24. Either show the phenomenon of

Cis-trans isomerism

Metamerism

Position isomerism

Functional group isomerism

25. Furan is a give membered ring in which one position is occupied by

None

-O-

H-N-

H-O-

Page 2 of 5

26. Which is not the characteristic property of organic compounds?

They form long chain compounds

Organic compound chain compounds

They exist in homologous series

Organic compounds are water soluble

27. Which one has zero octane number?

n – Heptane

decane

n – Hexane

iso – octane

28. The process in which one s and two p orbitals mix up with each other is called

Sp²-hybridization

Sp³-hybridization

Sp-hybridization

Dsp²-hybridization

29. The rotation of two carbon atoms joined by double bond would happened only if

Both bonds are broken

None of these

Sigma bond is broken

Pi bond is broken

30. C₂H₂Cl₂ can show isomerism

Functional group

Geometric

Position

Metamerism

31. In Pakistan, 80% available coal is used for which purpose

Sugar industry

Bake bricks

In glass industry

Domestic use

32. Coal heated in the absence of air of about 500-1000⁰C is converted to

Coal tar

Coke

All above

Coal gas

33. Vital force theory was rejected by

Wholer

Berzelius

Kolbe

Lavoisier

34. Straight chain hydrocarbons are

In which each carbon is attached at least with three other carbon atoms

None of these

Not in a series

In which atoms of C are in a series

35. The functional group isomer of dimethyl –ether is

Diethyl pether

Prophyl alcohol

Ethyl alcohol

Butyl alcohol

36. The method of converting high boiling hydrocarbons into low boiling hydrocarbons is called

Condensation

Cracking

Isomerization

Polymerization

37. The structure of benzene is

Hexagonal

Square planer

Pyramidal

Tetrahedral

38. The compounds which have any atom other than carbon atom, in rings are called as

None of these

Monocyclic

Heterocyclic

Homocyclic

39. The essential component of organic compound is

40. Linear shape is shown by which compound

CHCl₃

C₂H₂Cl₂

C₂H₆

C₂Cl₂

41. Acetylene had a characteristic ethereal smell resembling that of

Vinegar

Ginger

Onion

Garlic

42. Geometry of simple molecule having sp3 hybrid orbital is

Square planner

Linear

Tetrahedral

Triangular

43. Normal by product of cracking is

All of these

Ethane

Benzene

Butane

44. Polythene is a polymer of

Ethane

Propylene

Acetone

Ethene

45. Replacement of hydrogen atom by – SO₃H group in benzene is called

Sulphonation

Nitration

Alkylation

Acylation

46. Rates of organic reactions are

None-reactive

Fast

Very fast

Slow

47. The components of petroleum can be separated due to

Having different chemical properties

Having different M.P.

Having different physical states

Having different B.P.

48. The isomers which can be inter converted through rotation around a single bond are:

Enantiomers

Positional isomers

Conformers

Diastereomers

49. When a carbon atom forms single bonds with other carbon atoms, these hybrid orbitals overlap with the orbitals of hydrogen to form four bonds which are

Sigma

Three sigma and one Pi

Two sigma and two Pi

One sigma and three Pi

50. Which one of the following contains 50% carbon?

Antheracite

Coal tar

Peat

Wood

Page 3 of 5

51. Which is the solid form of petroleum?

Peat

Naptha

Wood

Asphalt

52. Acetylene has a characteristic ethereal smell resembling that of:

Ginger

Vinegar

Garlic

Onion

53. No lead gasoline with hygher octane number can be obtained by

Cracking

Reforming process

Oxidation

Hydrogenation

54. The carbocyclic compounds are those which have

May be other atoms

All atoms are SP³ -hybridized

All atoms are SP² -hybridized

All atoms in the ring are carbon

55. The isomers due to the unequal distribution of carbon atoms on either side of the functional group belonging to the same homologous series are called

Chain isomers

Position isomers

Functional isomers

Metamers

56. On passing ethane into concentrated suphuric acid the intermediate compound formed on hydrolysis with boiling water gives.

Methyl hydrogen sulphate

Methyl alcohol

Ethyl hydrogen sulphate

Ethyl alcohol

57. Which is a mixture of low boiling hydrocarbon

Natural gas

Petroleum

Wood

Graphite

58. Which of the following possess linear geometry

Alkyne

Alkane

Alkene

Benzene

59. The process in which orbitals of different energies and shapes mix up with each other to give equivalent orbitals is called

Polymerization

Isomerisation

Carbonization

Hybridization

60. Organic compounds resemble to those of inorganic compounds having same

Chemical forces

Ionic properties

Isomerism

Carbon forming long chain or rings

61. Which one is not an organic compound

Carbohydrates

Cyanides

Fats

None of these

62. Hydrocarbons contain

C and S only

C, H, O and N only

C and H only

C, H, and O only

63. What kind of hybrid orbitals are utilized by the carbon atom in CF₄ molecules?

sp²

sp³

sp³ d

64. A neutral molecule having the general formula AB₃ has two unshared pair of electrons on A. What is the hybridization of A?

sp³d

sp²

sp³

65. Bromoethane can be converted to ethane by

Reduction

Reaction with alcoholic KOH

Reaction with aq KOH

Oxidation

66. Hybridization explain the ________ of orbitals

None of these

Shape and Type of bonding

Type of Bonding

Shapes

67. The demand of gasoline can be fulfilled by

Crystallization

Cracking

Reforming

Vapourization

68. Which molecule has a linear arrangement of all component atoms?

NH₃

CO₂

H₂O

CH₄

69. Which of the following gases is used for illuminating purpose?

Butane

Ethane

Methane

Propane

70. Geometry of molecule will be pyramidal if the outer post shell of the central atom has

1 band pair 3 lone pair

2 band pair 2 lone pair

3 band pair one lone pair

3 lone pair 1 bond pair

71. The compounds containing –SH as a functional group are called

Hydrogen sulphides

Thiols

Alcohols

Sulphides

72. The self-linking of carbon atoms is called

Chelation

Isomerism

Catenation

None of these

73. Fossil fuels are sources of organic compounds. Which one is not fossil fuel?

Wood

Coal

Natural gas

Petroleum

74. Coal is obtained from dead remains of

Plants

None

Both a and b

Animals

75. A molecular orbital is formed by the linear combination of two atomic orbitals. A molecular orbital must accommodate __________ electrons.

Page 4 of 5

76. The octane number is 100 for

Neo-Pentane

n-hexane

Neo-octane

Isooctane

77. Peat before conversion to bituminous coal is converted to

None

Anthracite

Lignite

Asphalt

78. Alkanes cannot show cis-trans isomerism

0¯ bond required less energy to be rotated

The bond angle is 109.5°

Alkanes possess three groups attached to each carbon

0¯ bond is stronger than A-bond

79. The components of petroleum can be separated due to

Having different B.P.

Having different physical states

Having different chemical properties

Having different M.P.

80. In C₂H₂ carbon-carbon bond angle is

120°

90°

109.5°

180°

81. Which molecule is nonpolar?

BeH₂

CHCl₃

PF₃

H₂Se

82. The major portion of natural oil is

Butane

Propane

Methane

Ethane

83. Choose the species that is incorrectly matched with the electronic geometry about the central atom:

ClO₃¯-tetrahedral

SO₃²¯ - pyramidal

ClO₄¯ - tetrahedral

NO₂¯ - trigonal palnar

84. The bond angle between hydrogen atoms and carbon in alkane is

104.5°

120.5°

107.5°

109.5°

85. Which polyatomic ion is incorrectly matched with its ionic geometry?

SiCl₆²¯ -trigonal bipyramidal

NH₄⁺ - tetrahedral

ClO₂ - angular

PH₄⁺ - tetrahedral

86. Metallic ethynides are formed by the reaction of ________ with ammonical solver nitrate or ammonical cuprous chloride

Benzene

Acetylene

Ethane

Ethanoic acid

87. Reactions of 2 – Butene with HBr gives only one products because

The molecule is symmetrical around C – C

It is less stable

It is more stable

The molecule is asymmetrical around C – C bond

88. Identify the4 compound formed, when ethylene combines with water in the presences of 10% sulphuric acid and HgSO₄ as catalyst

Methanol

Glycol

Carbinol

Ethanol

89. Which of the following pairs of molecules and their molecular geometries in WRONG?

NF₃ - trigonal planar

AsF₅ - trigonal bipyramidal

BF₃ - trigonal planar

H₂O - bent

90. Which of the following species is planar?

H₃O⁺

SO₃²¯

NO₃¯

NH₃

91. Pi bonds are produced by overlapping of

Hybrid and un hybrid orbitals

Hybrid orbitals

Atomic orbital and hybrid orbital

Un-hybrid orbitals

92. Toulene is a compound in which benzene has a substituent

+NH₂ group

- OH group

-CHO group

-CH₃ group

93. The state of hybridization carbon in ethane is

SP²

SP³

None

94. Compounds have same empirical formula but different molecular formula must have

The same vapour density

Different molecular weights

The same viscosity

Same molecular weights

95. Which of the following contains single bonds?

Alkyne

Alkene

Benzene

Alkane

96. Which of the following four molecules are polar: PH₃ OF₂ HF SO₃?

None of these

Only HF and OF₂

All except SO₃

Only HF

97. Which of the following has linear shape?

None of these

SP²

SP³

98. Unsaturated hydrocarbons containing a double bond are called

Paraffin

Olefins

Alkanes

Acetylene

99. The active part in a molecule is called:

Chemical bonding

Functional group

Homologous series

Ionic complex

100. A π (pi) bond is the result of the

Overlap of an s and a p orbital

Overlap of two p orbitals along their axes

Overlap of two s orbitals

Sidewise overlap of two parallel p orbitals

Page 5 of 5

101. Which statement is true regarding reactivity?

Towards the addition reaction alkenes are more reactive than alkynes

Alkene decolourize bromine solution and Baeyer’s reagents but alkynes do not

Alkenes do not undergo addition reactions

Double and is stronger than single bond hence alkenes are less reactive than alkanes

102. Identify the compound which has a bond angle of 109.5°?

Benzene

Ethere

Methane

Ethyne

103. In benzene carbon – carbon bonds are

Single covalent

Of the order 1.5

3 single and 3 double

Double covalent

104. The open chain organic compounds are called

Linear compounds

Both A and B

Aliphatic

Aromatic

105. A triple bond contains _____ sigma bond(s) and _________ pi bond(s).

1, 2

0, 3

2, 1

3, 0

106. Choose the molecule that is incorrectly matched with the electronic geometry about the central atom.

CF₄ - tetrahedral

PF₃ - pyramidal

H₂O – tetrahedral

NH₃ - tetrahedral

107. Which one of the following is a heterocyclic compound?

Anthracene

Phenol

Cyclohexanol

Pysidence

108. Identify the hydrocarbon formed, when ethyl bromide reacts with, alcoholic KOH at 100°

Methane

Ethyne

Ethene

Ethane

109. On passing ethane into concentrated sulphuric acid, the intermediate compound formed on hydrolysis with boiling water gives:

Ethyl hydrogen sulphate

Methyl hydrogen sulphate

Ethyl alcohol

Methyl alcohol

110. The F-S-F bond angles in SF₆ are ___________.

120° only

90° and 180°

45° and 90°

90° and 120°

111. Which is the character of organic compounds

They possess particular properties

Mostly ionic in character

All

Rates of reactions are very fast

112. Methane is produced when aluminum carbide is treated with

Water

Alcohol

Acid

Base

113. The perchloric acid molecule contains:

2 lone pairs, 3 π bonds, and 4 σ bonds.

9 lone pairs, no π bonds, and 6 σ bonds.

13 lone pairs, 1 π bond, and 4 σ bonds

8 lone pairs, 2 π bonds, and 7 σ bonds.

114. Cracking is a process by which higher hydrocarbon are broken down into low boiling hydrocarbon. Which one is not generally a procedure for cracking:

Normal cracking

Thermal cracking

Catalytic cracking

Stem cracking

115. The next homologue of C₁₀H₂₂ will be

C₉H₂₀

C₁₂H₂₆

C₁₁H₂₄

C₁₃H₂₈

116. Which of the following compounds contains a truple bond?

Benzene

Alkene

Alkane

Alkyne

117. When H₂SO₄ is heated with excess of chance of at 140°C. The major product is

Alcohol

Ether

Ethene

Ketone

118. The number of isomers of C₆H₁₄ is:

119. Isomerism which is only found in alkanes?

cis – trans isomerism

Functional group isomerism

Metamerism

Position isomerism

Complete Guide for Fundamental Principles of Organic Chemistry Online Mcqs Test

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We have compiled these questions from past papers of PPSC, FPSC, NTS, and OTS. By attempting this quiz, you will:

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10 Comments

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September 28, 2021 at 5:58 pm

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Ariba jaffar says:

June 13, 2021 at 1:36 pm

It’s good to solve these McQ’s but there must be some more conceptual and technical points in them like there a lot of conceptual McQ’s about isomerism..

Haniya Khan says:

September 15, 2017 at 10:47 pm

yes 100%

1. Injeel Khan says:
  
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nimra ishfaq says:

August 21, 2016 at 2:57 pm

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Important Fundamental Principles of Organic Question and Answer

Chemistry Fundamental Principles of Organic Practice Test Online With Explanation

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