Qualitative Reasoning Deductive and Inductive Reasoning Test Online Mcqs

Qualitative Reasoning Aptitude Test

Qualitative and Logical Reasoning (Deductive & Inductive) MCQs are essential for aptitude test preparation across competitive exams, including CSS, FPSC, NTS, and university entrance tests. These questions test a candidate’s ability to analyze, interpret, and reason logically. Practicing such MCQs improves decision-making, pattern recognition, and critical thinking skills, making them a key part of exam success.”

Deductive and Inductive Reasoning Test Online

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1. Find the next number in the pattern: 2, 4, 6, 8, ?

10

9

11

12

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2. Which pair is not logically related? Doctor : Hospital :: Teacher : ?

Book

School

Classroom

Student

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3. Which analogy is correct? Eye : See :: Ear : ?

Speak

Smell

Touch

Hear

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4. Which comes next in the sequence: 2, 4, 8, 16, ?

18

24

32

64

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5. Complete the logic pattern: 1 → 1, 2 → 4, 3 → 9, 4 → ?

16

15

12

20

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6. What comes next: 100, 90, 81, 73, ?

62

64

65

66

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7. Which statement is logically valid? Premise: “All poets are sensitive.” Inference: “Ahmed is a poet. Therefore, he is sensitive.”

Assumption only

False

True

Cannot say

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8. Which statement is an inductive conclusion?

If A = B, and B = C, then A = C

Either it rains or it doesn’t

Every time I water the plant, it grows

All triangles have 3 sides

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9. Which of the following strengthens the argument: “Online learning increases flexibility for students”?

Some students prefer physical classrooms

Students get distracted online

Internet access is expensive

Online classes let students study at any time

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10. Which analogy is correct? Bird : Wings :: Fish : ?

Swim

Water

Fins

Scales

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11. Which statement best reflects deductive reasoning?

Cats are mammals. All mammals breathe. Therefore, cats breathe

My cat is happy, so all pets are happy

Cats are cute, so dogs must be too

I’ve seen many cats chase mice; all cats chase mice

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12. Which conclusion follows? Statement: “All birds can fly. Ostrich is a bird.”

Some birds can’t fly

The statement is flawed

All birds are ostriches

Ostrich can fly

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13. Which of the following is a valid inference? Statement: “All engineers are problem solvers.” Inference: “Some problem solvers are engineers.”

Invalid statement

True

False

Can't say

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14. What is the missing number in the series? 1, 4, 9, 16, ?

25

36

20

30

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15. What follows in this number series: 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, ?

20

22

25

21

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16. Identify the type of reasoning: “If it rains, the match will be cancelled. It is raining. Therefore, the match is cancelled.”

Hypothetical

Inductive

Deductive

Analogical

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17. Which conclusion is logically valid? Premise 1: All cars need fuel. Premise 2: Toyota is a car. Conclusion: ?

Fuel is not for bikes

Toyota needs fuel

Toyota doesn’t need fuel

All fuel is for Toyota

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18. Which option completes the analogy? Fire : Heat :: Ice : ?

Water

Melt

Cold

Burn

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19. Which assumption underlies the argument: “Smoking is harmful, so cigarette ads should be banned”?

Ads encourage harmful habits

People love smoking

Cigarettes are expensive

Ads don’t affect smokers

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20. Which of the following strengthens the argument: "Healthy diets lead to better academic performance"?

Students who skip breakfast perform poorly

Studying longer improves results

Junk food is tasty

Some students sleep late

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21. Which of the following is not a form of logical reasoning?

Inductive

Emotional

Abductive

Deductive

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22. What follows next in the series: 5, 10, 20, 40, ?

100

60

80

45

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23. Find the odd one out:

Sparrow

Hawk

Eagle

Bat

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24. Which statement is an example of inductive reasoning?

After watching 5 cricket matches, I think Pakistan will win again.

If A = B and B = C, then A = C.

Gravity pulls everything down.

Circles have no corners.

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25. Find the missing number: 1, 2, 6, 24, ?

100

120

90

60

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26. Which inference is valid? Statement: "All roses are flowers." Inference: "Some flowers are roses."

Cannot say

False

True

Both A and C

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27. If P implies Q, and Q is false, what can be concluded about P?

P is false

P may be true or false

P is true

Insufficient information

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28. Which one is different?

Carrot

Apple

Mango

Banana

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29. Which analogy is correct? Hand : Glove :: Foot : ?

Sock

Sandal

Slipper

Shoe

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30. What completes the analogy? Pen : Write :: Knife : ?

Cut

Eat

Sharpen

Kill

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31. If "All P are Q" and "Some Q are R", then which conclusion is valid?

Some R are P

No P is R

All P are R

No valid conclusion

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32. What type of reasoning is this: “All observed swans are white, so all swans are white”?

Deductive

Circular

Abductive

Inductive

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33. Which statement shows invalid reasoning?

All apples are fruits. Bananas are fruits. So, bananas are apples.

All dogs bark. Tommy is a dog. Tommy barks.

All men are mortal. Socrates is a man. Socrates is mortal.

All birds fly. Sparrow is a bird. Sparrow flies.

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34. Which of the following terms does not belong in the group “Observe, Deduce, Conclude, Combine”?

Deduce

Observe

Conclude

Combine

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35. Which conclusion logically follows? Statement: “No fish can fly. All salmon are fish.” Conclusion: ?

Salmon are birds

Some salmon can fly

No salmon can fly

All salmon can fly

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36. What follows the pattern: 81, 27, 9, 3, ?

2

0

4

1

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37. Which of the following is not a characteristic of deductive reasoning?

Always results in a certain conclusion

Based on general rules

Moves from general to specific

Begins with specific observations

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38. Which reasoning applies here? “Many students failed the test. So the test was difficult.”

Deductive

Inductive

Circular

Formal

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39. Find the missing term in the sequence: 3, 6, 12, 24, ?

36

72

48

60

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40. Which follows from this statement:

The school may be closed

The school will be closed

The school will remain open

Can't say

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41. Find the next in the pattern: 2, 5, 10, 17, ?

26

30

24

38

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42. Which one is the odd pair?

Knife : Cut

Spoon : Dig

Brush : Paint

Pen : Write

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43. Which reasoning method is used in this example? “All swans observed in Europe are white; therefore, all swans are white.”

Analytical

Inductive

Hypothetical

Deductive

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44. Which completes the analogy? Book : Read :: Food : ?

Eat

Taste

Digestion

Cook

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45. What is the next item in the pattern: Z, X, V, T, ?

S

R

Q

P

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46. Which of the following is logically consistent?

Some cats are mammals.

No animal is alive.

All birds are animals.

All cats are dogs.

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47. Which of the following breaks the logical pattern?

Sunday

Tuesday

Monday

January

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48. Which one is the odd pair?

Lion : Roar

Dog : Bark

Snake : Growl

Cat : Meow

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49. Which of the following is a deductive reasoning example?

All humans are mortal. Socrates is a human. Therefore, Socrates is mortal.

She studies hard, so she may pass.

He is tall, so he must be good at basketball.

The sky is dark, so it might rain.

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50. If all A are B, and all B are C, which conclusion follows?

No A are C

All A are C

Some C are A

Some A are not C

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