Qualitative Reasoning Deductive and Inductive Reasoning Test Online Mcqs

Qualitative Reasoning Aptitude Test

Qualitative and Logical Reasoning (Deductive & Inductive) MCQs are essential for aptitude test preparation across competitive exams, including CSS, FPSC, NTS, and university entrance tests. These questions test a candidate’s ability to analyze, interpret, and reason logically. Practicing such MCQs improves decision-making, pattern recognition, and critical thinking skills, making them a key part of exam success.”

Deductive and Inductive Reasoning Test Online

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1. Which comes next in the sequence: 2, 4, 8, 16, ?

32

24

64

18

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2. What is the missing number in the series? 1, 4, 9, 16, ?

20

25

36

30

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3. What follows the pattern: 81, 27, 9, 3, ?

4

0

2

1

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4. What follows next in the series: 5, 10, 20, 40, ?

100

45

60

80

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5. Which of the following strengthens the argument: “Online learning increases flexibility for students”?

Students get distracted online

Online classes let students study at any time

Internet access is expensive

Some students prefer physical classrooms

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6. If P implies Q, and Q is false, what can be concluded about P?

P is false

P may be true or false

Insufficient information

P is true

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7. Which statement is logically valid? Premise: “All poets are sensitive.” Inference: “Ahmed is a poet. Therefore, he is sensitive.”

Cannot say

True

Assumption only

False

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8. Which of the following terms does not belong in the group “Observe, Deduce, Conclude, Combine”?

Conclude

Deduce

Observe

Combine

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9. Which conclusion is logically valid? Premise 1: All cars need fuel. Premise 2: Toyota is a car. Conclusion: ?

All fuel is for Toyota

Toyota needs fuel

Fuel is not for bikes

Toyota doesn’t need fuel

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10. Which statement shows invalid reasoning?

All apples are fruits. Bananas are fruits. So, bananas are apples.

All dogs bark. Tommy is a dog. Tommy barks.

All men are mortal. Socrates is a man. Socrates is mortal.

All birds fly. Sparrow is a bird. Sparrow flies.

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11. What follows in this number series: 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, ?

21

20

25

22

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12. Which statement best reflects deductive reasoning?

Cats are mammals. All mammals breathe. Therefore, cats breathe

Cats are cute, so dogs must be too

My cat is happy, so all pets are happy

I’ve seen many cats chase mice; all cats chase mice

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13. Which option completes the analogy? Fire : Heat :: Ice : ?

Melt

Cold

Burn

Water

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14. Which analogy is correct? Bird : Wings :: Fish : ?

Scales

Fins

Swim

Water

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15. Which follows from this statement:

The school may be closed

The school will remain open

Can't say

The school will be closed

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16. Which analogy is correct? Eye : See :: Ear : ?

Hear

Touch

Smell

Speak

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17. Which one is the odd pair?

Cat : Meow

Snake : Growl

Lion : Roar

Dog : Bark

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18. Which statement is an inductive conclusion?

Either it rains or it doesn’t

Every time I water the plant, it grows

If A = B, and B = C, then A = C

All triangles have 3 sides

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19. Which pair is not logically related? Doctor : Hospital :: Teacher : ?

School

Student

Classroom

Book

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20. What is the next item in the pattern: Z, X, V, T, ?

P

S

Q

R

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21. Which analogy is correct? Hand : Glove :: Foot : ?

Sandal

Sock

Shoe

Slipper

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22. Find the odd one out:

Bat

Hawk

Sparrow

Eagle

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23. What comes next: 100, 90, 81, 73, ?

65

66

64

62

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24. Find the next number in the pattern: 2, 4, 6, 8, ?

10

12

9

11

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25. Find the next in the pattern: 2, 5, 10, 17, ?

38

26

30

24

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26. Which one is the odd pair?

Spoon : Dig

Pen : Write

Brush : Paint

Knife : Cut

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27. If all A are B, and all B are C, which conclusion follows?

Some C are A

No A are C

All A are C

Some A are not C

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28. Which of the following is logically consistent?

All birds are animals.

Some cats are mammals.

All cats are dogs.

No animal is alive.

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29. Which of the following strengthens the argument: "Healthy diets lead to better academic performance"?

Junk food is tasty

Some students sleep late

Students who skip breakfast perform poorly

Studying longer improves results

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30. Find the missing number: 1, 2, 6, 24, ?

120

90

60

100

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31. Which of the following is not a characteristic of deductive reasoning?

Moves from general to specific

Always results in a certain conclusion

Based on general rules

Begins with specific observations

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32. What type of reasoning is this: “All observed swans are white, so all swans are white”?

Abductive

Inductive

Deductive

Circular

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33. Which assumption underlies the argument: “Smoking is harmful, so cigarette ads should be banned”?

Ads don’t affect smokers

People love smoking

Cigarettes are expensive

Ads encourage harmful habits

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34. Which reasoning applies here? “Many students failed the test. So the test was difficult.”

Circular

Inductive

Deductive

Formal

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35. Which conclusion logically follows? Statement: “No fish can fly. All salmon are fish.” Conclusion: ?

Some salmon can fly

All salmon can fly

No salmon can fly

Salmon are birds

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36. Which statement is an example of inductive reasoning?

Gravity pulls everything down.

After watching 5 cricket matches, I think Pakistan will win again.

Circles have no corners.

If A = B and B = C, then A = C.

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37. Which completes the analogy? Book : Read :: Food : ?

Eat

Cook

Digestion

Taste

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38. Complete the logic pattern: 1 → 1, 2 → 4, 3 → 9, 4 → ?

20

15

12

16

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39. Which of the following is a valid inference? Statement: “All engineers are problem solvers.” Inference: “Some problem solvers are engineers.”

Can't say

True

False

Invalid statement

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40. Which of the following is a deductive reasoning example?

He is tall, so he must be good at basketball.

She studies hard, so she may pass.

The sky is dark, so it might rain.

All humans are mortal. Socrates is a human. Therefore, Socrates is mortal.

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41. Which inference is valid? Statement: "All roses are flowers." Inference: "Some flowers are roses."

False

True

Both A and C

Cannot say

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42. Which one is different?

Apple

Mango

Carrot

Banana

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43. What completes the analogy? Pen : Write :: Knife : ?

Cut

Kill

Eat

Sharpen

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44. Which reasoning method is used in this example? “All swans observed in Europe are white; therefore, all swans are white.”

Deductive

Hypothetical

Inductive

Analytical

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45. If "All P are Q" and "Some Q are R", then which conclusion is valid?

Some R are P

No valid conclusion

All P are R

No P is R

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46. Identify the type of reasoning: “If it rains, the match will be cancelled. It is raining. Therefore, the match is cancelled.”

Analogical

Hypothetical

Deductive

Inductive

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47. Which of the following is not a form of logical reasoning?

Inductive

Deductive

Abductive

Emotional

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48. Which of the following breaks the logical pattern?

January

Sunday

Monday

Tuesday

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49. Which conclusion follows? Statement: “All birds can fly. Ostrich is a bird.”

The statement is flawed

All birds are ostriches

Some birds can’t fly

Ostrich can fly

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50. Find the missing term in the sequence: 3, 6, 12, 24, ?

72

36

48

60

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