9th Class Physics: Chapter 1 Physical Quantities and Measurement Short Questions with Answers
9th Class Physics: Chapter 1 Physical Quantities and Measurement Short Question Answers
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What is the difference between base quantities and derived quantities? Give three example in each case?
Base quantities:
Base quantities are the quantities on the basis of which other quantities are expressed. Length, mass, time, eclectic current, temperature, intensity of light and amount of substance are examples of base quantities.
Derived quantities:
The quantities that are expressed in term of base quantities are called derived quantities. Volume, speed, force, work, energy, power and electric charge are some examples of driveled quantities.
Base quantities are the quantities on the basis of which other quantities are expressed. Length, mass, time, eclectic current, temperature, intensity of light and amount of substance are examples of base quantities.
Derived quantities:
The quantities that are expressed in term of base quantities are called derived quantities. Volume, speed, force, work, energy, power and electric charge are some examples of driveled quantities.
Pick out the base units in the following:
Joule, Newton, kilogramme, hertz, mole, ampere, meter, Kelvin, coulomb and watt
Joule, Newton, kilogramme, hertz, mole, ampere, meter, Kelvin, coulomb and watt
Kilogramme, mole, ampere, meter and Kelvin are base units.
Find the base quantities involved in each of the following derived quantities.
(a) Speed (b) volume (c) force (d) work
Speed:
The formula of speed is:
Speed = distance covered by body/time taken
Unit of Speed:
Speed = meter/second = ms-1
Unit of speed shows that speed is a derived quantity and it is derived from length and time. Meter is the unit of length and second is the unit of time.
Length and time are base quantities.
(b) Volume:
The formula of volume is:
Volume = Length x width x height
Unit of Volume:
Volume = meter x meter x meter
=m3
The Unit of volume shows that volume is derived quantity and is obtained from the length.
Length is a base quantity and its unit is meter.
(c) Force:
The formula of force is:
Force = mass x acceleration
F = m x a
Unit of force:
Force = kiogramme x meter per second per second
= kg ms-2
The Unit of mass is kilogramme, the unit of length is meter and the unit of time is second.
The unit if force shows that mass, length and time. Mass, length and time are base quantities
(d) Work:
The formula of work is:
Work = F x S
Unit of Work:
Work = kgms2 x m
= kgms2 s-2
Unit of work shows that it is a derived quantity. Work is derived from the mass length and time.
Mass, length and time are base quantities.
Speed:
The formula of speed is:
Speed = distance covered by body/time taken
Unit of Speed:
Speed = meter/second = ms-1
Unit of speed shows that speed is a derived quantity and it is derived from length and time. Meter is the unit of length and second is the unit of time.
Length and time are base quantities.
(b) Volume:
The formula of volume is:
Volume = Length x width x height
Unit of Volume:
Volume = meter x meter x meter
=m3
The Unit of volume shows that volume is derived quantity and is obtained from the length.
Length is a base quantity and its unit is meter.
(c) Force:
The formula of force is:
Force = mass x acceleration
F = m x a
Unit of force:
Force = kiogramme x meter per second per second
= kg ms-2
The Unit of mass is kilogramme, the unit of length is meter and the unit of time is second.
The unit if force shows that mass, length and time. Mass, length and time are base quantities
(d) Work:
The formula of work is:
Work = F x S
Unit of Work:
Work = kgms2 x m
= kgms2 s-2
Unit of work shows that it is a derived quantity. Work is derived from the mass length and time.
Mass, length and time are base quantities.
Estimate your age in seconds.
Answer: Supposed age of a person = 15 years.
Total days in one year = 365 days
Total days in 15 year = 365 x 15 = 5475 days
Total hours in one day = 24 hours
Total hours in 5475 days = 5475 x 24 = 131, 400 hours
Total minutes in one hours = 60 minutes
Total minutes in 131, 400 hours = 131, 400 x 60 = 7884000 minutes
Total seconds in one minutes = 60 seconds
Total seconds in 7884000 minutes = 7884000 x 60
15 years of age = 473, 040, 000 seconds
By the given method you can convert your exact age into seconds.
What role SI units have played in the development of science?
SI units have played a very important role in the development of science.
SI units are very helpful to exchange scientific and technical information at the international level.
What is meant by vernier constant?
The least count of the vernier calipers is also called the vernier constant. It can be defined as:
The difference between one small division on main scale division and one vernier scale division is 0.1 mm. It is called least count (LC) of the vernier calipers.
Least count of the vernier calipers can also be found as given below.
Least count of vernier calipers = Smallest reading on the main scale/Number of division on vernier scale
What do you understand by the zero error of a measuring instrument?
By closing the jaws of measuring device, if the zero line of one scale (vernier scale) coincides with the zero line of its main scale (other scale) then there is no zero error. But zero error will exist if the zero line of one scale (vernier scale) is not coinciding with the zero of other scale (main scale). Zero error will be positive if zero line of one scale (vernier scale) is on the right side of the zero of other scale (main scale) and will be negative if zero line of one scale (vernier scale) is on the left side of zero of the other scale(main scale).
Why is the use of zero error necessary in a measurement instrument?
Zero error is necessary in measuring instrument to obtain an extreme correct value.
What is a stopwatch? What is the least count of a mechanical stop watch you have used in the laboratories?
Stopwatch is a device which is used to measure the time interval of an event. Mechanical stopwatch have least count upto 0.1 second.
Why do we need to measure extremely small interval of time?
In nature and also in physics, there are so many phenomenons which vary with respect to the extremely small interval of time and fir their experimental measurement we need very precise time measuring instrument. We need to measure extremely small interval of times to calculate the time interval of natural and artificial events.
What is meant by the significant figures of measurement?
All the accurately known digits and first doubtful digits in as expression are called significant figures.
Significant figure reflects the precision of a measured value of physical quantity.
How is precision related to the significant figures in a measured quantity?
An improvement in the quality of measurement by using better instrument increases the significant figures in the measured results. The significant figures are all the digits are known accurately and the one estimated digit.
More significant figure means greater precision.
Define physics:
Physics is the branch of science in which matter, energy and their interaction are studied.
Differentiate between plasma physics and Geo Physics.
Plasma Physics: It is the study of production, properties of ionic state of matter-the fourth state of matter.
Geo physics: It is the study of the internal structure of the Earth.
Differentiate between atomic physics and Plasma Physics.
Atomic physics: It is the study of the structure and properties.
Plasma Physics: It is the study of production, properties of ionic state of matter-the fourth state of matter.
Define electromagnetism.
It is the study of the charges at rest and in motion, their effects and their relationship with magnetism.
Define atomic physics and nuclear physics.
Atomic Physics: It is the study of the structure and properties of atoms.
Nuclear Physics: It deals with the properties and behaviour of nuclei and the particles within the nuclei.
Define Mechanics and Geophysics.
Mechanics: This branch of physics is the study of motion of objects, its causes and effect.
Geophysics: It is the study of the internal structure of the Earth.
Define the term Mechanics and Electromagnetism.
Mechanics: This branch of physics is the study of motion of objects, its causes and effect.
Electromagnetism: It is the study of the charges at rest and in motion, their effects and their relationship with magnetism.
Write two advantages of Physics in our daily life.
A car is made on the principles of mechanics.
A refrigerator is based on the principle of thermodynamics.
What is the difference between base and derived quantities?
Base Quantities: Base quantities are the quantities on the basis of which other quantities are expressed.
Length, mass, time, eclectic current, temperature, intensity of light and amount of substance are examples of base quantities.
Derived quantities: The quantities that are expressed in term of base quantities are called derived quantities.
Volume, speed, force, work, energy, power and electric charge are some examples of driveled quantities.
Name any two base quantities.
Length and Mass
What is meant by derived quantities? Give two examples.
The units used to measure derived quantities are called derived units. OR derived units are defined in term of base units and are obtained by multiplying or dividing one or more base units with each other.
What is meant by International system of Units?
The eleventh General Conference on Weight and Measures held in Paris in 1960 adopted a world-wide system of measurement called, International System of Units.
The International System of Units is commonly referred as SI.
Define base quantities and base units.
Base quantities: Base quantities are the quantities on the basis of which other quantities are expressed.
There are seven physical quantities which form the foundation for other physical quantities. These physical quantities are called the base quantities.
Base Units: The units that describe base quantities are called base units. Each base quantity has its SI units.
Write the name of four derived units.
Speed, acceleration, volume, force
What is meant by prefixes?
Prefixes are the words or letters added before a unit and stand for the multiples or sub-multiples of that unit. For example, kilo, mega, milli, micro etc.
Estimate your age in seconds.
15 years = age
One year = 12 months
One year = 365 days
One year = 8760 hours
One year = 525, 600 minutes
One year = 525, 600 x 60 = 31, 536, 000 sec
15 year = 15 x 315, 36000 sec
15 years = 473, 040, 000 sec
Express in scientific notation: 0.00580 km, 210.0 g
0.00580 km = 5.80 x 10-3
210.0 g = 2.1 x 102 g
In Physics what is importance of scientific notation in writing quantities.
In Physics, scientific notation saves writing down or interpreting large numbers of zeros.
Write in scientific notation: (a) 100.8 sec (b) 0.00580 km
0.00580 km = 5.80 x 10-3
100.8 sec = 1.008 x 102 sec
What is meant by zero error and zero correction?
Zero Error: If the zero of the main scale does not coincide with the zero of the vernier scale, when the jaws closed there is zero error in the instrument.
Zero correction: To remove the error in the instrument in called zero correction.
Why the screw gauge measure more accurately than a vernier calipers?
The instrument, screw gauge is more precise than vernier calipers because the least count of vernier calliper is 0.01 cm while the least count of screw gauge is 0.001 cm.
How digital stopwatch can be used?
The stopwatch starts when the knob is pressed one. When pressed second time, it stops the watch while the third press bring the needle back to zero position.
Define meter rod and also write its least count.
Meter rod: A meter rule is a length measuring instrument.
Least count: One millimeter in the smallest reading that can be taken using a metre rule and is called its least count.
Define Least count. What is the least count of a meter rod?
The smallest reading that can be measured from any instrument is called least count.
The least count of meter rod is 1mm.
Writ the use of Physical balance in physics in short.
A physical balance is used in the laboratory to measure the mass of various objects by comparison.
Round of 1.35 and 1.45.
1.35 rounded to 1.4 and 1.45 rounded to 1.4
Differentiate between mechanical stopwatch and digital stopwatch.
Mechanical Stop Watch: A mechanical stopwatch can measure a time interval up to minimum 0.1 second.
Digital Stopwatch: Digital stopwatch is commonly used in laboratories can measure a time interval as small as 1/100 second or 0.01 second.
Define least count of screw gauge.
Least count of screw gauge: Least count of screw gauge can be found as given below.
Least count = Pitch/Number of divisions on circular scale
Least count = 1mm/100 = 0.01 mm
Least count = 0.01 mm = 0.001 cm
Least count of the screw gauge is 0.01mm or 0.001 cm.
What is meant by significant figures and how many significant figures are there in 0.027?
All the accurately known digits and first doubtful digits in as expression are called significant figures.
Significant figure reflects the precision of a measured value of a physical quantity. In 0.027, there are two significant figures.
Write down two rules to find the significant digits in a measurement.
1. Non-zero digits are always significant.
2. Zero between two significant figures is also significant.
