9th Class Chemistry Chapter 5 Physical States of Matter Short Questions Answer
9th Class Chemistry Chapter 5 Physical States of Matter Short Questions Answer
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Diffusion is the movement of solute particles from their higher concentration or lower concentration in a medium.
Example: When a few drops of ink are added in beaker of water, ink molecules move around and after a while spread in whole of the beaker. Thus diffusion has taken place.
Standard atmospheric pressure: It is the pressure exerted by the atmosphere at the sea level. It is defined as the pressure exerted by a mercury column of 760mm in height at sea level. It is sufficient pressure to support a column of mercury 760mm in height at sea level.
One atmosphere (1atm)
1atm = 760 mm = 760torr
1mm Hg = 1torr
One Pascal (1 Pa)
1 Pa = 1N/1m² = 1N⁻²
Because 1 N = 1 Kgms⁻²
Gases have lower densities than densities of liquids. It is due to the light mass and more volume occupied by the gases. Another reason for lower densities of gases s negligible intermolecular forces among the gases molecules.
Affect of surface area on evaporation: Evaporation is a surface phenomenon. Greater is surface area, greater is evaporation ad vice versa.
Example: Sometimes, a saucer is used if tea is to be cooled quickly. This is the smaller surface area of a tea cup.
Allotropy: The existence of an element in more than one forms in same physical state is called allotropy.
Example: Sulphur exists in two allotropic dorms at 96°C below this temperature rhombic form is stable. Above this temperature monoclinic form is stable.
Sulphur exists in monoclinic form at 100°C.
Relationship between evaporation and boiling point: If the boiling point of a liquid is high, its evaporations slow. Because intermolecular forces are high in the liquid which have high boiling point. If boiling point is low then evaporation.