12th Class Chemistry Chapter 13 Carboxylic Acids Short Question Answers
12th Class Chemistry Chapter 13 Carboxylic Acids Short Question Answers Below
1.What are carboxylic acids? Give their general formula. Why they are soluble in water?
2.How two functional groups create one functional group in carboxylic acids?
3.Name at least five dicarboxylic acids and give their formulas?
4.Write the formulas for valeric acid caproic acid caprylic acid stearic and palmitic acid?
5.What are hydroxyl acids? Give four examples of hydroxyl acids i.e. two from open chain and two from closed chain?
Those compound in which-OH group is present along with the carboxylic group are called hydroxyl acids.
6.What are aromatic carboxylic acids?
7.How the hydrolysis of nitriles give carboxylic acids?
8.How ethanol is converted to CH3COOH?
9.What are dimmers of carboxylic acids? Why do they have high B.P? Give example.
Due to hydrogen bonding two molecules of a carboxylic acid make eight-member ring as follow: Two molecules behave as a unit. The molar mass becomes double and species is a dimer. They also show high B.P due to H-bondings.
10.Give two reactions of carboxylic acids which show their acidic nature?
11.Give the mechanism for the reaction of carboxylic acids with SOCI2 to give acid chlorides?
12.Give the mechanism for the esterification of carboxylic acid?
13.Where are acid anhydrides and how are they produced?
14.How would you convert CH3COOH to CH3CONH2?
15.How acetic acid is prepared on the commercial scale from acetylene?
16.Why the B.P of aliphatic carboxylic acids are relatively high or than corresponding aldehydes and ketones?
Aliphatic carboxylic acid produce H-bonding which is responsible for high boiling point. H-bonding does not operate in aldehydes and ketones.
17.What are amino acids?
Those carboxylic acids in which one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group of the carboxylic acid is substituted by-NH2 group are called amino acids. Glycone and alanine CH2NHCOOH,CH3CHNH2COOH are best examples.
18.What are essential and non-essential amino acids?
Those amino acids which the body is not able to synthesize are called essential amino acids. These are supplied to our body by our diet. Those amino acids which the body can synthesize are called non-essential amino acids.
19.Give an example of each i.e a-amino acid B-amino acid andy-amino acid?
20.What is Zwitterion?
21.What are neutral amino acids? Give two examples.
22.What are basic amino acids? Give two examples.
23.What are acidic amino acids? Give two examples.
24.How carboxylic acids are converted into a-amino acids?
25.What is Strecker’s synthesis?
26.How a-amino acid can be converted into a-hydroxy acids?
27.What is ninhydrin test?
Ninhydrin is a complex organic compound. It reacts with amino acids to form an intensily colored bluish violet product. So this reagent can be used to check the presence of amino acids.
28.What are peptides and peptide linkages?
29.What is polypeptide ?
30. How do you differentiate between protein and polypeptide?
A molecule which is produced by the condensation of large number of amino acids to form a polypeptide is called a protein. Actually that polypeptide whose molar mass is more than 10,000 is called protein otherwise it is polypeptide.
31.What are fatty acids?
Those acids which are present in fats and oils. They have long chains of alkyl groups. Palmitic acid is one of the best examples. However simple aliphatic acids are also included in this category.
32.What is glacial acetic acid?
Glacial s a term applied to a number of acids which ae in highly pure state having F.P slightly below room temperature. For example glacial CH3COOH is 99.8ᵒ% pure and crystallizes at 20ᵒC.
33.How do carboxylic acids react with HI?
RCOOH+6HI……………………. RCH3+2H2O+3I2.
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