12th Class Chemistry Chapter 13 Carboxylic Acids Short Question Answers

12th Class Chemistry Chapter 13 Carboxylic Acids Short Question Answers Below

[toggle title=”1.What are carboxylic acids? Give their general formula. Why they are soluble in water?” state=”close”][/toggle]

[toggle title=”2.How two functional groups create one functional group in carboxylic acids?” state=”close”][/toggle]

[toggle title=”3.Name at least five dicarboxylic acids and give their formulas?” state=”close”][/toggle]

[toggle title=”4.Write the formulas for valeric acid caproic acid caprylic acid stearic and palmitic acid?” state=”close”][/toggle]

[toggle title=”5.What are hydroxyl acids? Give four examples of hydroxyl acids i.e. two from open chain and two from closed chain?” state=”close”]Those compound in which-OH group is present along with the carboxylic group are called hydroxyl acids.[/toggle]

[toggle title=”6.What are aromatic carboxylic acids?” state=”close”][/toggle]

[toggle title=”7.How the hydrolysis of nitriles give carboxylic acids?” state=”close”][/toggle]

[toggle title=”8.How ethanol is converted to CH₃COOH?” state=”close”][/toggle]

[toggle title=”9.What are dimmers of carboxylic acids? Why do they have high B.P? Give example.” state=”close”]Due to hydrogen bonding two molecules of a carboxylic acid make eight-member ring as follow: Two molecules behave as a unit. The molar mass becomes double and species is a dimer. They also show high B.P due to H-bondings.[/toggle]

[toggle title=”10.Give two reactions of carboxylic acids which show their acidic nature?” state=”close”][/toggle]

[toggle title=”11.Give the mechanism for the reaction of carboxylic acids with SOCI₂ to give  acid chlorides?” state=”close”][/toggle]

[toggle title=”12.Give the mechanism for the esterification of carboxylic acid?” state=”close”][/toggle]

[toggle title=”13.Where are acid anhydrides and how are they produced?” state=”close”][/toggle]

[toggle title=”14.How would you convert CH₃COOH to CH₃CONH₂?” state=”close”][/toggle]

[toggle title=”15.How acetic acid is prepared on the commercial scale from acetylene?” state=”close”][/toggle]

[toggle title=”16.Why the B.P of aliphatic carboxylic acids are relatively high or than corresponding aldehydes and ketones?” state=”close”]Aliphatic carboxylic acid produce H-bonding which is responsible for high boiling point. H-bonding does not operate in aldehydes and ketones. [/toggle]

[toggle title=”17.What are amino acids?” state=”close”]Those carboxylic acids in which one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group of the  carboxylic acid is substituted by-NH₂ group are called amino acids. Glycone and alanine CH₂NHCOOH,CH₃CHNH₂COOH are best examples.[/toggle]

[toggle title=”18.What are essential and non-essential amino acids?” state=”close”]Those amino acids which the body is not able to synthesize are called essential amino acids. These are supplied to our body by our diet. Those amino acids which the body can synthesize are called non-essential amino acids.[/toggle]

[toggle title=”19.Give an example of each i.e a-amino acid B-amino acid andy-amino acid?” state=”close”][/toggle]

[toggle title=”20.What is Zwitterion?” state=”close”][/toggle]

[toggle title=”21.What are neutral amino acids? Give two examples.” state=”close”][/toggle]

[toggle title=”22.What are basic amino acids? Give two examples.” state=”close”][/toggle]

[toggle title=”23.What are acidic amino acids? Give two examples.” state=”close”][/toggle]

[toggle title=”24.How carboxylic acids are converted into a-amino acids?” state=”close”][/toggle]

[toggle title=”25.What is Strecker’s synthesis?” state=”close”][/toggle]

[toggle title=”26.How a-amino acid can be converted into a-hydroxy acids?” state=”close”][/toggle]

[toggle title=”27.What is ninhydrin test?” state=”close”]Ninhydrin is a complex organic compound. It reacts with amino acids to form an intensily colored bluish violet product. So this reagent can be used to check the presence of amino acids. [/toggle]

[toggle title=”28.What are peptides and peptide linkages?” state=”close”][/toggle]

[toggle title=”29.What is polypeptide ?” state=”close”][/toggle]

[toggle title=”30. How do you differentiate between protein and polypeptide?” state=”close”]A molecule which is produced by the condensation of large number of amino acids to form a polypeptide is called a protein. Actually that polypeptide whose molar mass is more than 10,000 is called protein otherwise it is polypeptide.[/toggle]

[toggle title=”31.What are fatty acids?” state=”close”]Those acids which are present in fats and oils. They have long chains of alkyl groups. Palmitic acid is one of the best examples. However simple aliphatic acids are also included in this category.[/toggle]

[toggle title=”32.What is glacial acetic acid?” state=”close”]Glacial s a term applied to a number of acids which ae in highly pure state having F.P slightly below room temperature. For example glacial CH₃COOH is 99.8ᵒ% pure and crystallizes at 20ᵒC.[/toggle]

[toggle title=”33.How do carboxylic acids react with HI?” state=”close”]RCOOH+6HI……………………. RCH₃+2H₂O+3I₂.[/toggle]

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