10th Class Physics Chapter 9 Atomic and Nuclear Physics Short Question Answer
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10th Class Physics Chapter 9 Atomic and Nuclear Physics Short Question Answer
It is equal to the number of nucleons in the nucleus.
Radiations are also source of blindness.
Deuterium contains one proton, one neutron and one electrons.
Radiation cause genetic mutation in both human and plants. Some children are born with serious deformities due to genetic mutation.
Isotopes are atoms of an element which has same number of protons but different number of neutrons in their nuclei.
In natural radioactivity a naturally unstable element spontaneously emit radiation to be stable.
Radiation also cause the cancer of blood cells.
Atomic number:
1. Atomic number is the number of neutrons present in nucleus.
2. It is represented by Z.
Daughter nucleus will be an isotope of helium.
Atomic number:
1. The atomic number is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus.
2. It is represented by Z.
Protium contains one proton in the nucleus and one electron that resolved around the nucleus.
a. Alpha particles
b. Beta particles
c. Gamma particles.
The nucleus which emit radiations, all the time, and hence continuously change from one type of element to another are called unstable nucleus.
Half life can be calculated by following formula.
Remaining atoms = original atoms x 1/2t
The spontaneous emission of radiation by unstable uncle is called natural radioactivity.
The elements which emit radiations are called radioactive elements.
i. Proton
ii. Electron
iii. Alpha particles
iv. Some larger nuclei
i. The sources should only be handled with tongs and forceps.
ii. All radioactive sources should be stored in thick lead containers.
iii. Never point a radioactive source towards a person.
Tritium contains one proton, two neutrons and one electron.
Alpha particle has high mass due to this, its penetrating power is very short. It has large interacting and ionizing power. It is also the reason of its less penetrating power.
The gamma rays can penetrate to a considerable thickness of concrete. It is due to their large speed and neutral nature.
Beta radiation strongly interact with matter due to its charge and has a short range of penetrating as compared to gamma radiation.
The nucleus which don’t emit radiations naturally are called stable nucleus.
The earth and all living thing on it receive radiation from outer space. This radiation is called comic radiations.
Ans:Radioisotope: The stable and non-radioactive elements can also be changed into radioactive element by bombarding them with protons, neutrons or alpha particles, such artificially produced radioactive element are called radioactive isotopes,or radio isotope.
